المستندات والموارد - نتائج البحث
نتائج البحث
Pioneer Plaques
صورة
الشرح: The Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft are the first human-made objects to leave the solar system and venture into interstellar space. To inform potentially intelligent species about our existence, they both carry small metal plaques identifying their time, place of origin and information about their builders. They provide the location of our solar system in the Milky Way by depicting the Solar System's position relative to 14 pulsars, with radiating lines that include information about their frequencies. A model of a hydrogen atom undergoing one particular atomic transition is depicted. The wavelength and frequency of this transition are used to express sizes and frequencies of the other items shown in the plaque. A more detailed view of Earth's position in the solar system, with the spacecraft's trajectory moving away from Earth, passing Mars and Jupiter is displayed at the bottom. The plaque also depicts a naked man and woman alongside the spacecraft to provide a sense of scale. The man’s hand is raised as a friendly gesture.
The 6-inch by 9-inch gold-anodized aluminum plate has the design engraved on it. It was attached to the support struts of the spacecraft's antenna to try to to protect it from erosion by any interstellar dust the spacecraft may encounter on its journey. Designed by Carl Sagan and Frank Drake, with artwork by Linda Salzman Sagan, these plaques are meant to communicate the origin of the spacecraft to any extraterrestrial life that might encounter them.
While Pioneer 10 is on a course towards the star Aldebaran in the Taurus constellation, which will take about two million years to reach, Pioneer 11 is heading in a different direction towards the constellation of Aquila. It will take approximately four million years to pass close to some of the constellation’s stars.
المصدر: NASA Ames
رابط المصدر
مصطلحات المعجم:
ذكاء من خارج الأرض
فئات:
علم الفلك والمجتمع
, الكواكب الخارجية وعلم الأحياء الفلكية
, استكشاف الفضاء
الترخيص: الملكية العامة الملكية العامة أيقونات
ملف
( صورة
5.94 MB)
Equatorial Milky Way
صورة
أُنشئ لصالح OAE
الشرح: Honourable mention in the 2022 IAU OAE Astrophotography Contest, category Still images of celestial patterns: Equatorial Milky Way
Taken in Bromo-Tengger-Semeru National Park, Java Island, Indonesia, in March 2016, this image captures regions of the southern Milky Way and, at its left edge, the two planets Mars and Saturn. Mars appears orange and is similar in colour to the star Antares, whose Greek name — anti Ares — references this. Saturn is a little bit fainter than Mars, but clearly visible among the stars of Ophiuchus, above the Pipe Nebula and forming an isosceles triangle with Mars and Antares.
Mars is on the top and Saturn is vertically below. Visible to the naked eye, both planets have significance in many cultures around the world. In Roman mythology Mars is the god of war and fertility, and Saturn the god of sowing and agriculture. Its Greek equivalent, the god Kronos, is also considered the regent of completion. Indigenous Australians, including the Kamilaroi and Wailan people, associate Saturn with “wunygal”, a small bird. Mars is called Iherm-penh (something burnt in flames) by the Anmatyerre people of the Central Desert, while the Kokatha people of the Western Desert associate Mars and the star Anatres with the red-tailed black cockatoo (Kogolongo).
In the middle of this photograph, the most famous southern constellations are clearly recognisable: the Southern Cross (Crux), the pointer stars, Alpha and Beta Centauri, the dark Coalsack Nebula and the red Eta Carina Nebula, which is not visible to the unaided eye but is prominent in modern photographs. In the 19th century, the star eta Carinae had been the second-brightest star in the sky for some time, but since it varies irregularly, it has hardly been recognisable in recent decades, and its future visibility is unpredictable.
Triangulum Australe is visible between the pointer stars and the Scorpion, and in the constellation of Centaurus, the bright globular star cluster Omega Centauri is clearly displayed. It was considered a “nebulous star” since antiquity and, thus, was listed in star catalogues for at least 2000 years. Only within the last century did astronomers discover that globular star clusters are in the halo of our galaxy and that this one consists of roughly 10 million stars.
The dark regions in the Milky Way, which are cool, dense clouds of dust and gas, form the head and body of the Celestial Emu Tchingal. Together with the Southern Cross and the pointer stars, they appear in the Dreamtime stories of many Indigenous Australians. One story associated with the Djab Wurrung and the Jardwadjali people is part of a Dreamtime Story involving Tchingal, the Bram-bram-bult brothers (the pointer stars), their mother Druk (Delta Crux), and Bunya the hunter, who gets transformed into a possum (Gacrux, the red star at the top of the Southern Cross).
المصدر: Giorgia Hofer/IAU OAE
مصطلحات المعجم:
الغبار , المريخ , درب التبانة , زُحل , كوكبة العقرب , الصليب الجنوبي , سحابة الغبار , الاعتتام بين النجوم , رجل القنطور
فئات:
درب التبانة والوسط بين النجمي
, علم الفلك بالعين المجردة
الترخيص: المشاع الإبداعي نَسب المُصنَّف 4.0 دولي (CC BY 4.0) المشاع الإبداعي نَسب المُصنَّف 4.0 دولي (CC BY 4.0) أيقونات
هذا الملف على Zenodo ( صورة 1.61 MB)
The Hunter in the Forest
صورة
أُنشئ لصالح OAE
الشرح: Honourable mention in the 2022 IAU OAE Astrophotography Contest, category Still images of celestial patterns.
Taken in December 2016, this image shows a clear and starry sky over the Masaya Volcano National Park in Nicaragua.
The constellation Orion is the most prominent pattern in this image. Orion is associated with a great hunter according to Greek culture, and is seen here right in the middle. The reddish star in the centre is Betelgeuse, the second-brightest in this constellation and one of the brightest in the night sky. Above and to the right of Betelgeuse we find Bellatrix, another bright star, forming the right shoulder of the hunter. Extending a line from Bellatrix to the right, we find a crookedly aligned group of faint stars comprising Orion’s bow. We can also easily see a group of three aligned bright stars forming the belt of the hunter, an asterism recognised by many different cultures. Just below his belt we can see the silverish glittering that was interpreted as the metal of Orion’s sword or knife by the Greco-Roman tradition. It was alternatively interpreted as a fish roasted on a campfire by some cultures in Australia. In its centre, with binoculars we can see the Small and the Great Orion Nebula, together forming a giant cloud of dust and gas where new stars are being formed. To the lower-left of the silverish compound of tiny stars and nebulae, there is a bright star called Saiph, the Arabic term for “Sword” or “Sabre” because it was considered the tip of a huge knife with a curved upper part. To the right of this, there is the bright bluish star Rigel, an Arabic term which designates it as The Foot of Orion.
Orion’s Belt points up towards Aldebaran at the edge of the photograph and down towards Sirius among the branches of the trees; it is the brightest star in the night sky and is located in the constellation Canis Major. Earth’s atmosphere makes the bright Sirius twinkle in all colours. Seen from space it is pure white, but as its light travels through the air, it is scattered and distorted by the molecules. Therefore, the star appears to change colour like a diamond.
A line connecting the two shoulders of Orion points to another bright star in the lower-left corner of the photograph. This is Procyon, located in the constellation Canis Minor. Procyon has been used by the ancient Babylonians to indicate the heliacal rise of Cancer (whose stars are faint, and invisible in twilight) and to predict the rising of Sirius. Thus, for a very long time in ancient history Procyon was considered a single-star asterism. Perhaps only in Roman times were more stars used to create a constellation in this area of the sky, although this constellation has never been clearly recognisable.
المصدر: René Antonio Urroz Álvarez/IAU OAE
مصطلحات المعجم:
مجموعة نجمية او حشد نجمى , الجَبّار
فئات:
علم الفلك بالعين المجردة
, النجوم
الترخيص: المشاع الإبداعي نَسب المُصنَّف 4.0 دولي (CC BY 4.0) المشاع الإبداعي نَسب المُصنَّف 4.0 دولي (CC BY 4.0) أيقونات
هذا الملف على Zenodo ( صورة 2.04 MB)
