Glossary term: قمر اصطناعي

Description: القمر الصناعي هو جهاز من صنع الإنسان يتم إرساله إلى الفضاء ، للدوران حول الأرض أو أي اجرام أخرى في النظام الشمسي ، حيث تبقيه الجاذبية في المدار. يمكن بناء الأقمار الصناعية لأداء مهام مختلفة بما في ذلك التقاط صور جوية للأرض تساعد علماء الأرصاد الجوية على التنبؤ بالطقس ، أو التقاط صور للأجسام الفلكية والمجرات البعيدة ، مما يساعد العلماء على فهم النظام الكوني بشكل أفضل. تُستخدم الأقمار الصناعية أيضاً بشكل أساسي للاتصالات حول العالم ، على سبيل المثال نظام تحديد المواقع العالمي (GPS) ، والذي يتألف من 31 قمرا صناعيا. أطلق الاتحاد السوفيتي أول قمر صناعي إلى الفضاء في عام 1957 ، وأطلق عليه اسم سبوتنيك 1.

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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher
The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval

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Bright streaks form vertical bars, obscuring the starry sky

Satellite swarm versus night sky beauty, by Torsten Hansen, Germany

Caption: Third place in the 2021 IAU OAE Astrophotography Contest, category Light pollution. This image of Venus and the Pleiades also shows the tracks of the Starlink satellites. These satellites which are located at an altitude of approximately 550 kilometres, are part of an ever-growing constellation of satellites aimed to provide worldwide internet access. The reflective surfaces of the satellites, coupled with the fact that they are orbiting around the Earth, means that astronomical observations which require very long exposures capture “tracks” of the satellites in their images. Astronomical images used for scientific research are not usable because the measurements and data will contain these “tracks”. Because the number of satellites is expected to grow, it is likely that in the near future there will be no place on Earth where these satellites will not be visible crossing the sky. This is a new type of light pollution that seems to be an upcoming problem we will have to deal with, as these satellites might prevent optimal observation of the sky.
Credit: Torsten Hansen/IAU OAE

License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons نَسب المُصنَّف 4.0 دولي (CC BY 4.0) icons

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