Bildunterschriften: Second place in the IAU OAE Astrophotography Contest, category Star trails. Astronomy is one of the oldest (if not the oldest) of the sciences, and as such has connection to various cultures over millennia. This image in a way conveys this relationship by being contextualised in Stonehenge. There is much research into what astronomers call archeoastronomy sites, and how they connect to the sky (for example, seasons, phases of the moon and much more). Civilizations across time and from all over the world have their own views and interpretations of what they see in the sky, and this has been tied not only to culture but also to the people’s day-to-day and seasonal activities. The “concentric circles” which are often referred to as “star trails”, are the result of the apparent motion of the sky, which is in reality due to the rotation of the Earth on its axis. The small dot appearing towards the top center of the image is Polaris – The North or Pole Star. Polaris is only visible to observers in the Northern latitudes. The height of the Pole Star can be used to infer the observer’s actual latitude. Stonehenge is located at around 51° North. This image is taken from one of the most notable ancient sites in the world, brings us back in time, and makes us wonder about the stories told by the people that lived in that place many millennia ago.
Bildnachweis: Till Credner/IAU OAE

Bildunterschriften: First place in the IAU OAE Astrophotography Contest, category Star trails. This star trail image shows the apparent movement of the stars in the night sky, which results from the Earth’s rotation around its polar axis. The trees in the foreground serve as an anchor as we turn with the Earth. The bright white semi-circle in the center of the image is the North (Pole) star – Polaris, which is located very close to the North Celestial Pole. One way to imagine that the Earth is at center of hollow crystal sphere, and the stars are embedded on this sphere, as the Earth spins on its axis, an observer on Earth sees the stars rising and setting, following an arc, because the horizon prevents the observer from the full arc for stars that are further away from the Celestial Pole. The North Celestial Pole (and its opposite the South Celestial Pole) is essentially formed by extending the line of the Earth’s axis. Capturing this image requires the photographer to take a long exposure with the camera on a tripod and pointing towards the Pole Star (North Hemisphere). In the Southern Hemisphere there is no star as close as Polaris is to the Celestial Pole, so the position of the South Celestial Pole is found using the South Cross and Pointer Stars (Alpha and Beta Centauri). Although overall the image has a slight blue tint, it does capture the varying colours of stars, it is easy to distinguish between the higher temperature blue stars and the lower temperature of the whitish stars, and even lower temperature reddish stars. The reason for this variation in colour is because higher temperature stars emit more in shorter wavelengths (bluer), compared to lower temperature stars which emit in longer wavelengths (redder).
Bildnachweis: Fabrizio Melandri/IAU OAE

Bildunterschriften: Auszeichnung beim IAU OAE Astrofoto-Wettbewerb 2022, Kategorie Weitwinkelaufnahmen von Himmelsmustern. Dieses eindrucksvolle Bild zeigt eine Reihe von markanten Sternbildern am Nachthimmel über der inneren Mongolei, aufgenommen im August 2019. Der gelbliche Stern unten links ist Arktur, einer der hellsten Sterne am Nachthimmel und der hellste im Sternbild Bärenhüter (lat. Bootes). Die Deichsel des Großen Wagens zeigt auf diesen hellen Stern, und der Wagen ist auch rechts vom Bärenhüter zu sehen. Die Nördliche Schöpfkelle (Bei Dou) ist ein traditionelles chinesisches Sternbild. Sie gilt auch als Wagen, in dem die Richter für den Adel sitzen. Arktur ist ein aus einem einzelnen Stern bestehender Asterismus, der das Horn genannt wird und Teil des chinesischen Supersternbildes für den Frühling ist, dem Blauen Drachen des Ostens. Die Vorderseite der Nördlichen Schöpfkelle zeigt auf den Stern am oberen Rand des Bildes, der heute der Polarstern genannt wird (lat. Polaris). Im alten China gab es noch keinen hellen Stern am Himmelspol, so dass die Sterne in unmittelbarer Nähe dem Kaiser und seiner Familie im Sternbild des Verbotenen Purpurpalastes zugeordnet wurden. Zumindest im Mittelalter wurde der Polarstern als Teil des Sternbilds des großen Himmelskaisers betrachtet. Die Nördliche Krone (lat. Corona Borealis) ist ebenfalls in der oberen rechten Ecke dieses Bildes zu sehen, wenn auch nicht in ihrer ganzen Ausprägung. In China wird sie als Gewundenes Band bezeichnet. Mit seiner charakteristischen halbkreisförmigen Form ist es eines der kleineren der 88 modernen Sternbilder, lässt sich aber auch mindestens drei oder vier Jahrtausende zurückverfolgen durch die römische Krone, den griechischen Hochzeitskranz und die babylonische "Sterngruppe der Würde". Am oberen rechten Rand des Bildes befindet sich der Teil des modernen Sternbilds Kassiopeia, der im alten China als Fliegender Korridor und Hilfsstraße galt. Die W-Form von Kassiopeia wird durch den Rand des Fotos abgeschnitten, aber die Sternbilder im Süden und Südosten, Andromeda und Perseus, sind deutlich zu erkennen. Die Andromedagalaxie, das am weitesten entfernte Objekt, das mit bloßem Auge sichtbar ist, ist deutlich zu erkennen. Sie befindet sich am äußersten Rand des Bandes der Milchstraße, was erklären könnte, warum sie in alten Sternkatalogen nicht ausdrücklich erwähnt wurde, da man sie fälschlicherweise für einen Teil der Milchstraße hielt. Die Aufnahme zeigt auch deutlich rötliche Bereiche der Milchstraße, die mit bloßem Auge nicht hell erscheinen, sowie offene Sternhaufen, die sich aus derselben Molekülwolke bilden, also Gruppen von Sternen mit ähnlichem Alter. In der traditionellen chinesischen Astronomie ist diese Region Teil vieler großer und kleiner Asterismen.
Bildnachweis: Likai Lin/IAU OAU

Bildunterschriften: Auszeichnung beim IAU OAE Astrofoto-Wettbewerb 2022, Kategorie Weitwinkelaufnahmen von Himmelsmustern. Da sich die Erde um die Sonne bewegt, scheinen sich die Positionen der Sterne am Nachthimmel im Laufe des Jahres zu verändern. Diese Zusammenstellung von Bildern, die während der vier Jahreszeiten im Jahr 2020 in der Region Venetien in Italien aufgenommen wurden, veranschaulicht dies sehr gut und zeigt die scheinbare Bewegung der Sternbilder Ursa Minor und Ursa Major. Ursa Minor, der Kleine Bär, ist ein Sternbild der nördlichen Himmelsphäre und enthält den nördlichen Himmelspol, der in unserer heutigen Zeit durch einen hellen Stern namens Polaris gekennzeichnet: der Polarstern. Polaris wird seit Jahrhunderten für die Navigation auf der Nordhalbkugel der Erde verwendet, da er sich seit etwa 200 Jahren fast genau auf der Position des Pols befindet. Im Mittelalter und in der Antike gab es keinen Polarstern. Der Himmelsnordpol lag zu dieser Zeit in einer dunklen Region, und die Griechen betrachteten die "Kleine Bärin" als Begleiterin der "Großen Bärin", die leichter zu erkennen ist. Die hellsten Sterne dieser Konstellationen wurden von den Griechen alternativ auch als Wägen betrachtet, wie in dem berühmten Lehrgedicht von Aratus aus dem 3. Jahrhundert vor unserer Zeitrechnung zu lesen ist. Der bekannteste Asterismus in Ursa Major aus sieben hellen Sternen hat (im nördlichen Teil der Welt) unterschiedliche Namen. Während er von den Griechen als Wagen betrachtet wurde, gilt er in China "die Nördliche Schöpfkelle" und bei den alten Römern als "die Sieben Ochsen". Die Nutzung als Navigationhilfe trug ihren Teil zum Namen "Große Bärin" bei, denn für die Griechen bedeutete eine Reise in Richtung des Horizonts, über dem Ursa Major erscheint, sich in Richtung des Landes der Bären (also nach Nordeuropa) zu bewegen. Ein Tier ist deutlich zu erkennen, wenn man alle schwächeren Sterne in der Nähe der sieben hellen Sterne berücksichtigt. Die Griechen hielten die Bärin für weiblich, weil die griechische Mythologie dieses Tier mit der Nymphe Kallisto verbindet, deren Geschichte die Initiationsrituale für Frauen beschreibt. Oben links sehen wir ein Bild, das an einem Frühlingsabend aufgenommen wurde, während das Bild darunter den gleichen Himmelsausschnitt an einem Sommerabend zeigt. Gegen den Uhrzeigersinn sehen wir im Bild unten rechts dann den Herbsthimmel, während das Bild oben rechts diesen Himmelsausschnitt im Winter zeigt. Man beachte, dass sich die Stellung von Ursa Minor und dem Großen Wagen zueinander nicht ändert, während sich alle Sterne im Kreis um Polaris zu bewegen scheinen. Als immer nach Norden weisender Stern liegt er an dem Punkt, an dem sich die Rotationsachse der Erde mit der Himmelskugel schneidet. Die Verschiebung der Sternbilder im Laufe des Jahres ist daher eine Weltkugeluhr oder ein Weltkugelkalender, der von alten Zivilisationen zur Messung der Jahreslänge und zur Vorhersage des Wechsels der Jahreszeiten verwendet wurde. Auf diese Weise lässt sich zum Beispiel der beste Zeitpunkt für die Aussaat und das Segeln bestimmen, da sich die Winde mit den Jahreszeiten ändern.
Bildnachweis: Giorgia Hofer/IAU OAE

Bildunterschriften: This time-lapse documents the trajectory of the iconic Big Dipper across three frames taken in July 2020. Captured from three locations in Italy, Tre Cime di Lavaredo Auronzo di Cadore, Monte Rite, Cibiana di Cadore, and Casera Razzo, Vigo di Cadore, this visual odyssey showcases the captivating journey of the Big Dipper with the addition of trails of stars painting a celestial canvas. It not only traces the path of this renowned asterism but also features the rare appearance of comet Neowise C/2020 F3, an extraordinary event that graced our skies during July 2020.
Bildnachweis: Giorgia Hofer/IAU OAE (CC BY 4.0)

Bildunterschriften: In diesem Zeitraffervideo bewegt sich der Asterismus des Großen Wagens anmutig über den fremdartigen Tuffsteinformationen des Mono Lake in Kalifornien. Das Video fängt die Bewegung des Großen Wagens über dem nördlichen Horizont bis zu seiner unteren Konjunktion ein. Auf dem Breitengrad des Mono Lake (38° Nord) bleiben die Sterne des Großen Wagens mit Ausnahme von Alkaid zirkumpolar. Der Polarstern befindet sich 38° über dem Horizont knapp außerhalb des Gesichtsfelds oben rechts. Der helle Mond taucht die Landschaft in ein sanftes Licht, das bei Monduntergang allmählich abnimmt und die Szene in Dunkelheit hüllt.
Bildnachweis: Fabrizio Melandri/IAU OAE (CC BY 4.0)

Bildunterschriften: Unter dem himmlischen Ballett der Strichspuren von Sternen, die sich um den Nachthimmel winden, liegt in diesem Bild, das im März 2022 aufgenommen wurde, die Verbotene Stadt in Peking als Zeugnis alter himmlischer Verbindungen. Der Palast wurde nach kosmischen Gesichtspunkten entworfen und orientiert sich an der Ausrichtung des Polarsterns, der auch Polaris genannt wird: einem himmlischen Anker, der Seefahrern seit langem den Weg weist und die Stabilität des Himmel symbolisiert. Man glaubte, dass der Kaiser das irdische Abbild dieses Polarsterns verkörperte und die Brücke zwischen Himmel und Erde schlug. In dieser harmonischen einstündigen Belichtung, die mit einem Smartphone entstanden ist, zeichnen die Spuren der Sterne ihre nächtliche Reise über das Firmament um den Polarstern nach und geben die Präzision sowohl der architektonischen Gestaltung als auch der himmlischen Pfade wider.
Bildnachweis: Stephanie Ziyi Ye/IAU OAE (CC BY 4.0)

Bildunterschriften: The constellation Cassiopeia along with its bright stars and its surrounding constellations. Cassiopeia is surrounded by (going clockwise from the top):Cepheus, Andromeda, Perseus and Camelopardalis. Cassiopeia is a northern constellation that is visible from all of the northern hemisphere and equatorial regions of the southern hemisphere. It is most visible in the evenings in the northern hemisphere late autumn and southern hemisphere late spring. The open star clusters M52, M103, NGC 457 and NGC 663 all lie in this constellation. These are marked with yellow circles. Two dwarf elliptical galaxies NGC 147 and NGC 185 lie in the southern part of the constellation. These are marked with red ellipses and are gravitationally bound to the larger Andromeda galaxy which lies to the south in the constellation of Andromeda. The y-axis of this diagram is in degrees of declination with north as up and the x-axis is in hours of right ascension with east to the left. The sizes of the stars marked here relate to the star's apparent magnitude, a measure of its apparent brightness. The larger dots represent brighter stars. The Greek letters mark the brightest stars in the constellation. These are ranked by brightness with the brightest star being labeled alpha, the second brightest beta, etc., although this ordering is not always followed exactly. The dotted boundary lines mark the IAU's boundaries of the constellations and the solid green lines mark one of the common forms used to represent the figures of the constellations. Neither the constellation boundaries, nor the lines joining the stars appear on the sky.
Bildnachweis: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by IAU/Sky & Telescope

Bildunterschriften: The constellation Ursa Minor along with its bright stars and its surrounding constellations. Ursa Minor is surrounded by (going clockwise from the top): Cephus, Camelopardalis and Draco. Ursa Minor is notable as its brightest star, Polaris is the northern pole star. Ursa Minor is visible from the entire northern hemisphere with some parts of the constellation being visible from equatorial regions of the southern hemisphere. It is also circumpolar for temperate and arctic regions of the northern hemisphere. Polaris, lying very close the north celestial pole is circumpolar for the whole of the northern hemisphere. The constellation is most visible in the evenings in the northern hemisphere summer and southern hemisphere winter. This diagram maps an area around the north celestial pole. Here lines of constant right ascension converge. The right ascension values (in hours) of these lines are marked on the x-axis above and below the diagram. Some of the lines of constant declination (in degrees) are marked on the y-axis. The sizes of the stars marked here relate to the star's apparent magnitude, a measure of its apparent brightness. The larger dots represent brighter stars. The Greek letters mark the brightest stars in the constellation. These are ranked by brightness with the brightest star being labeled alpha, the second brightest beta, etc., although this ordering is not always followed exactly. The dotted boundary lines mark the IAU's boundaries of the constellations and the solid green lines mark one of the common forms used to represent the figures of the constellations. Neither the constellation boundaries, nor the lines joining the stars appear on the sky.
Bildnachweis: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by IAU/Sky & Telescope

Bildunterschriften: The constellation Ursa Major along with its bright stars and its surrounding constellations. Ursa Major is surrounded by (going clockwise from the top): Draco, Camelopardalis, Lynx, Leo Minor, Leo, Coma Berenices, Canes Venatici and Boötes. Ursa Major is famous for the prominent asterism often known in English as the Big Dipper or the Plough. This prominent northern asterism has a wide variety of names from cultures across the world. While most constellations and asterisms are made up of unrelated stars that randomly appear close together on the sky, five of the stars in the Big Dipper are part of the Ursa Major Moving Group, a group of stars moving through space together that likely formed in the same location 300 million years ago. The two stars on the right-hand end of the Big Dipper on this diagram form a pair of pointer stars that can be used to locate Polaris, the northern pole star which lies in the constellation of Ursa Minor. Ursa Major is a northern constellation and is visible from northern and equatorial regions. Parts of the constellation are visible from all but the most antarctic parts of the southern hemisphere but not all temperate regions of the southern hemisphere can see all of the Big Dipper. Conversely the Big Dipper and much of the rest of the constellation are circumpolar in arctic and many temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. Ursa Major is most visible in the evening in the northern hemisphere spring and southern hemisphere autumn. Two prominent galaxies appear in the northern part of this constellation, the spiral galaxy M81 and M82, a possible spiral galaxy whose structure is difficult to observe from the Earth as it appears edge-on. Both are shown here as red ellipses. The planetary nebula M97 (the Owl Nebula) lies in the middle of the constellation and is marked by a green circle superimposed on a plus symbol. The y-axis of this diagram is in degrees of declination with north as up and the x-axis is in hours of right ascension with east to the left. The sizes of the stars marked here relate to the star's apparent magnitude, a measure of its apparent brightness. The larger dots represent brighter stars. The Greek letters mark the brightest stars in the constellation. These are ranked by brightness with the brightest star being labeled alpha, the second brightest beta, etc., although this ordering is not always followed exactly. The dotted boundary lines mark the IAU's boundaries of the constellations and the solid green lines mark one of the common forms used to represent the figures of the constellations. Neither the constellation boundaries, nor the lines joining the stars appear on the sky.
Bildnachweis: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by IAU/Sky & Telescope

Bildunterschriften: The constellation Apus with its bright stars and surrounding constellations. Apus is surrounded by (going clockwise from the top): Triangulum Australe, Circinus, Musca, Chamaeleon, Octans, Pavo and Ara. Apus is a southern constellation lying close to the south celestial pole. As such it is visible at some point in the year from the entire southern hemisphere but is only visible from the most equatorial regions of the northern hemisphere. Apus is circumpolar for all temperate and antarctic regions of the southern hemisphere. It is most visible in the evenings in the northern hemisphere summer and southern hemisphere autumn. The globular cluster NGC 6101 can be found in Apus. It is marked here with a yellow circle with a plus symbol superimposed on it. This diagram maps an area around the south celestial pole. Here lines of constant right ascension converge. The right ascension values (in hours) of these lines are marked on the x-axis above and below the diagram. Lines of constant declination (in degrees) are marked on the y-axis. The sizes of the stars marked here relate to the star's apparent magnitude, a measure of its apparent brightness. The larger dots represent brighter stars. The Greek letters mark the brightest stars in the constellation. These are ranked by brightness with the brightest star being labeled alpha, the second brightest beta, etc., although this ordering is not always followed exactly. The dotted boundary lines mark the IAU's boundaries of the constellations and the solid green lines mark one of the common forms used to represent the figures of the constellations. Neither the constellation boundaries, nor the lines joining the stars appear on the sky.
Bildnachweis: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by IAU/Sky & Telescope

Bildunterschriften: The constellation Auriga with its bright stars and surrounding constellations. Auriga is surrounded by (going clockwise from the top): Camelopardalis, Perseus, Taurus, Gemini and Lynx. Capella, the brightest star in Auriga, is the sixth brightest star in the night sky. As a northern constellation, Auriga is visible from the whole of the northern hemisphere at some point in the year. The whole of the constellation is visible to equatorial regions of the southern hemisphere with parts of it visible to temperate southern regions. The whole constellation is circumpolar from arctic regions. The constellation is best viewed in the evening in the late northern hemisphere winter and late southern hemisphere summer. Auriga lies in the plane of the Milky Way and thus hosts a number of open clusters. Of these M36, M37 and M38 are marked on this diagram with yellow circles. IC 405, also known as the flaming star nebula, is marked here with a green square. The y-axis of this diagram is in degrees of declination with north as up and the x-axis is in hours of right ascension with east to the left. The sizes of the stars marked here relate to the star's apparent magnitude, a measure of its apparent brightness. The larger dots represent brighter stars. The Greek letters mark the brightest stars in the constellation. These are ranked by brightness with the brightest star being labeled alpha, the second brightest beta, etc., although this ordering is not always followed exactly. The dotted boundary lines mark the IAU's boundaries of the constellations and the solid green lines mark one of the common forms used to represent the figures of the constellations. Neither the constellation boundaries, nor the lines joining the stars appear on the sky. The blue line at the bottom of the diagram marks the ecliptic.
Bildnachweis: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by the IAU and Sky & Telescope

Bildunterschriften: The constellation Camelopardalis with its bright stars and surrounding constellations. Camelopardalis is surrounded by (going clockwise from the top): Cepheus, Cassiopea, Perseus, Auriga, Lynx, Ursa Major, Draco and Ursa Minor. Camelopardalis is a large constellation but contains relatively few bright stars. Camelopardalis is a northern constellation and as such the whole constellation is visible for the whole northern hemisphere at some point in the year. It is also visible from equatorial parts of the southern hemisphere with some parts visible to temperate southern regions. The whole constellation is circumpolar for all arctic and more northerly temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. Camelopardalis is best viewed in the evening in the late northern hemisphere winter and late southern hemisphere summer. The spiral galaxies NGC 2403 and IC 342 lie in Camelopardalis and are marked here with red ellipses. This diagram maps an area around the north celestial pole. Here lines of constant right ascension converge. The right ascension values of these lines are marked on the x-axis above and below the diagram. Some of the lines of constant declination are marked on the y-axis. The sizes of the stars marked here relate to the star's apparent magnitude, a measure of its apparent brightness. The larger dots represent brighter stars. The Greek letters mark the brightest stars in the constellation. These are ranked by brightness with the brightest star being labeled alpha, the second brightest beta, etc., although this ordering is not always followed exactly. The dotted boundary lines mark the IAU's boundaries of the constellations and the solid green lines mark one of the common forms used to represent the figures of the constellations. Neither the constellation boundaries, nor the lines joining the stars appear on the sky.
Bildnachweis: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by the IAU and Sky & Telescope

Bildunterschriften: The constellation Cepheus along with its bright stars and surrounding constellations. Cepheus is surrounded by (going clockwise from the top): Camelopardalis, Ursa Minor, Draco, Cygnus, Lacerta and Cassiopeia. Cepheus is a large constellation. Its most notable star is Delta Cephei, the prototype for the class of variable stars known as Cepheid variables. These are variable stars which can be used to estimate distances both within our galaxy and to nearby galaxies. Cepheus lies close to the north celestial pole. As such it is circumpolar for arctic and temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. The whole of the constellation is also visible at some point in the year in equatorial regions of the northern hemisphere with parts of it visible in equatorial regions of the southern hemisphere. It is best viewed in the evening in the northern hemisphere late autumn and southern hemisphere late spring. The open cluster NGC 188 lies in Cepheus and is marked here with a yellow circle. The nebula NGC 7023 also lies in the constellation and is marked with a green square. The red ellipse in the lower right marks the position of the spiral galaxy NGC 6946. This diagram maps an area around the north celestial pole. Here lines of constant right ascension converge. The right ascension values of these lines are marked on the x-axis above and below the diagram. Some of the lines of constant declination are marked on the y-axis. The sizes of the stars marked here relate to the star's apparent magnitude, a measure of its apparent brightness. The larger dots represent brighter stars. The Greek letters mark the brightest stars in the constellation. Delta Cephei is marked with a circle around a dot as it is a variable star. Mu Cephei is also a variable star marked here as an open circle. These are ranked by brightness with the brightest star being labeled alpha, the second brightest beta, etc., although this ordering is not always followed exactly. The dotted boundary lines mark the IAU's boundaries of the constellations and the solid green lines mark one of the common forms used to represent the figures of the constellations. Neither the constellation boundaries, nor the lines joining the stars appear on the sky.
Bildnachweis: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by the IAU and Sky & Telescope

Bildunterschriften: The constellation Chamaeleon with its bright stars and surrounding constellations. Chamaeleon is surrounded by (going clockwise from the top): Carina, Volans, Mensa, Octans, Apus and Musca. Chamaeleon lies close to the south celestial pole and this the whole of the constellation is visible from the whole southern hemisphere at some point in the year. All or part of the constellation can be seen from equatorial regions of the northern hemisphere. The whole constellation is circumpolar for all but the most equatorial regions of the southern hemisphere. Chamaeleon is best viewed in the evenings in the northern hemisphere spring and southern hemisphere autumn. This diagram maps an area around the south celestial pole. Here lines of constant right ascension converge. The right ascension values of these lines are marked on the x-axis above and below the diagram. The solid circle around the pole marks a line of -80° declination with the larger, incomplete circles above it marking -70° and -60° declination respectively. The sizes of the stars marked here relate to the star's apparent magnitude, a measure of its apparent brightness. The larger dots represent brighter stars. The Greek letters mark the brightest stars in the constellation. These are ranked by brightness with the brightest star being labeled alpha, the second brightest beta, etc., although this ordering is not always followed exactly. The dotted boundary lines mark the IAU's boundaries of the constellations and the solid green lines mark one of the common forms used to represent the figures of the constellations. Neither the constellation boundaries, nor the lines joining the stars appear on the sky.
Bildnachweis: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by the IAU and Sky & Telescope

Bildunterschriften: The constellation Circinus with its brighter stars and surrounding constellations. Circinus is surrounded by (going clockwise from the top): Lupus, Centaurus, Musca, Apus, Triangulum Australe and Norma. Circinus is a relatively small constellation with few bright stars. Circinus is a southern constellation and is thus the whole constellation is visible from the whole southern hemisphere at some point in the year. The whole constellation can also be seen from some equatorial regions of the northern hemisphere with parts of the constellation visible from the remaining equatorial regions and some northern hemisphere temperate locations. The constellation is circumpolar for all antarctic and some southern hemisphere temperate regions. Circinus is best viewed in the evening in the northern hemisphere summer and southern hemisphere winter. The open cluster NGC 5823 lies in Circinus and is marked here with a yellow circle. The y-axis of this diagram is in degrees of declination with north as up and the x-axis is in hours of right ascension with east to the left. The sizes of the stars marked here relate to the star's apparent magnitude, a measure of its apparent brightness. The larger dots represent brighter stars. The Greek letters mark the brightest stars in the constellation. These are ranked by brightness with the brightest star being labeled alpha, the second brightest beta, etc., although this ordering is not always followed exactly. The dotted boundary lines mark the IAU's boundaries of the constellations and the solid green lines mark one of the common forms used to represent the figures of the constellations. Neither the constellation boundaries, nor the lines joining the stars appear on the sky.
Bildnachweis: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by the IAU and Sky & Telescope

Bildunterschriften: The constellation Dorado with its bright stars and surrounding constellations. Dorado is surrounded by (going clockwise from the top): Pictor, Caelum, Horologium, Reticulum, Hydrus, Mensa and Volans. Dorado is a southern constellation and thus the whole constellation is visible at some point in the year from the whole southern hemisphere. The whole constellation is also visible to equatorial regions of the northern hemisphere. Dorado is circumpolar for temperate and antarctic regions of the southern hemisphere. This constellation is best viewed in the northern hemisphere winter and southern hemisphere summer. The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way, lies in Dorado and the neighboring constellation Mensa. The outline of the Large Magellanic Cloud is marked here as a roughly circular loop in green. The open cluster NGC 2070 lies at the heart of the Tarantula Nebula. This is marked here with a green square. The y-axis of this diagram is in degrees of declination with north as up and the x-axis is in hours of right ascension with east to the left. The sizes of the stars marked here relate to the star's apparent magnitude, a measure of its apparent brightness. The larger dots represent brighter stars. The Greek letters mark the brightest stars in the constellation. These are ranked by brightness with the brightest star being labeled alpha, the second brightest beta, etc., although this ordering is not always followed exactly. The dotted boundary lines mark the IAU's boundaries of the constellations and the solid green lines mark one of the common forms used to represent the figures of the constellations. Neither the constellation boundaries, nor the lines joining the stars appear on the sky.
Bildnachweis: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by the IAU and Sky & Telescope

Bildunterschriften: The constellation Draco with its bright stars and surrounding constellations. Draco is surrounded by (going clockwise from the top): Cepheus, Ursa Minor, Boötes, Hercules, Lyra and Cygnus. Draco is a sprawling northern constellation, parts of which lie close to the celestial north pole. As such the whole constellation is visible at some point in the year from the whole northern hemisphere and a thin sliver of the southern hemisphere near the equator. Parts of the constellation are visible from all other southern equatorial and some southern temperate regions. Draco is best viewed in the evenings in the northern hemisphere summer and southern hemisphere winter. The planetary nebula NGC 6543 (also known as the Cat’s Eye Nebula) lies in Draco. It is marked here with a green circle superimposed on a plus sign. This diagram maps an area around the north celestial pole. Here lines of constant right ascension converge. The right ascension values of these lines are marked on the x-axis above and below the diagram. Some of the lines of constant declination are marked on the y-axis. The sizes of the stars marked here relate to the star's apparent magnitude, a measure of its apparent brightness. The larger dots represent brighter stars. The Greek letters mark the brightest stars in the constellation. These are ranked by brightness with the brightest star being labeled alpha, the second brightest beta, etc., although this ordering is not always followed exactly. The dotted boundary lines mark the IAU's boundaries of the constellations and the solid green lines mark one of the common forms used to represent the figures of the constellations. Neither the constellation boundaries, nor the lines joining the stars appear on the sky.
Bildnachweis: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by the IAU and Sky & Telescope

Bildunterschriften: The constellation Horologium with its bright stars and surrounding constellations. Horologium is surrounded by (going clockwise from the top): Eridanus, Hydrus, Reticulum, Dorado and Caelum. Horologium is a southern constellation and thus is visible in the whole southern hemisphere at some point in the year. The whole constellation is also visible from equatorial parts of the northern hemisphere with parts of it visible to some northern temperate regions. Horologium is circumpolar in antarctic and some temperate regions of the southern hemisphere. This constellation is best viewed in the evenings in the northern hemisphere winter and southern hemisphere summer. The globular cluster NGC 1261 lies in Horologium, it is marked here with a yellow circle with a plus sign superimposed on it. The y-axis of this diagram is in degrees of declination with north as up and the x-axis is in hours of right ascension with east to the left. The sizes of the stars marked here relate to the star's apparent magnitude, a measure of its apparent brightness. The larger dots represent brighter stars. The Greek letters mark the brightest stars in the constellation. These are ranked by brightness with the brightest star being labeled alpha, the second brightest beta, etc., although this ordering is not always followed exactly. The dotted boundary lines mark the IAU's boundaries of the constellations and the solid green lines mark one of the common forms used to represent the figures of the constellations. Neither the constellation boundaries, nor the lines joining the stars appear on the sky.
Bildnachweis: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by the IAU and Sky & Telescope