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Glossary term: مسیر خورشید (قوس روزانه)

Description: مسیر خورشید یا قوس روزانه، حرکت ظاهری خورشید در آسمان را نشان می‌دهد که از دید یک ناظر در مکانی ثابت روی زمین مشاهده می‌شود. هر روز، این مسیر یک قوس را ترسیم می‌کند که با طلوع خورشید از قسمت شرقی آسمان آغاز شده و با غروب خورشید در قسمت غربی پایان می‌یابد. تنها در اعتدال‌های بهاری و پاییزی است که خورشید دقیقاً از شرق طلوع کرده و در غرب غروب می‌کند. در انقلاب زمستانی، این قوس کوتاه‌ترین و پایین‌ترین حالت را در آسمان دارد. از آن پس، طول این قوس و در نتیجه طول روز افزایش می‌یابد و هر قوس متوالی بالاتر از قوس روز قبل در آسمان قرار می‌گیرد تا اینکه در انقلاب تابستانی به بیشترین ارتفاع و طول روز برسد. این روند سپس به صورت معکوس تکرار شده و دوباره در انقلاب زمستانی به کوتاه‌ترین و پایین‌ترین قوس می‌رسد.

در شمال مدار قطب شمالی و جنوب مدار قطب جنوبی، خورشید در زمستان برای دوره‌های طولانی طلوع نمی‌کند و در تابستان برای دوره‌های طولانی غروب نمی‌کند. بنابراین، این مناطق می‌توانند شب‌هایی به مدت چندین ماه در زمستان و روزهایی به مدت چندین ماه در تابستان داشته باشند. در طول یکی از این روزهای قطبی، خورشید به صورت دایره‌ای در آسمان حرکت می‌کند و از یک نقطه اوج در ظهر به نقطه‌ای پایین‌تر در نیمه‌شب می‌رسد بدون اینکه هرگز از افق عبور کند.

مجموعه‌ای از این قوس‌های خورشیدی می‌تواند در یک تصویر با نوردهی طولانی به نام سولارگراف ثبت شود.

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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher
The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval

The OAE Multilingual Glossary is a project of the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE) in collaboration with the IAU Office of Astronomy Outreach (OAO). The terms and definitions were chosen, written and reviewed by a collective effort from the OAE, the OAE Centers and Nodes, the OAE National Astronomy Education Coordinators (NAECs) and other volunteers. You can find a full list of credits here. All glossary terms and their definitions are released under a Creative Commons CC BY-4.0 license and should be credited to "IAU OAE".

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