Didascalia: Terzo posto al concorso di astrofotografia IAU OAE 2021, categoria Campi stellari ampi. Questa ricca immagine panoramica mostra una serie di costellazioni, oggetti del cielo profondo e pianeti. Il punto di luce più luminoso con una pallida tonalità rossastra (a sinistra del centro) è il pianeta Marte. In basso all'estrema sinistra dell'immagine, appena sopra il tetto spiovente dell'edificio, si trovano due punti luminosi molto vicini tra loro: si tratta dei pianeti Giove (più luminoso) e Saturno. All'estrema destra dell'immagine, i due oggetti sfocati simili a nuvole sono la Grande e la Piccola Nube di Magellano. Si tratta di galassie nane satelliti della Via Lattea situate rispettivamente a una distanza di circa 160.000 e 200.000 anni luce. La Galassia di Andromeda, che si trova a una distanza approssimativa di 2,5 milioni di anni luce, appare in questa immagine come una piccola macchia inclinata tra Marte e il bagliore più luminoso all'orizzonte (più vicino all'orizzonte). Il bagliore luminoso non proviene dal Sole o dalla Luna, ma dalle luci della città di San Pedro de Atacama. Le costellazioni più importanti sono: Orione - identificata dalle tre stelle che formano la Cintura di Orione; Toro - un piccolo insieme di stelle a forma di triangolo a sinistra di Orione e identificata dalla stella arancione pallido (Aldebaran) al vertice del triangolo; Cane Maggiore - in basso a destra di Orione, identificata dalla stella luminosa Sirio (la stella più brillante del cielo notturno) e da tre stelle a forma di triangolo appena sopra la cupola dell'osservatorio in primo piano; Pegaso - identificata dalla forma di trapezio in diagonale sotto Marte. Altre costellazioni sono Andromeda, Perseo e Ariete. Diverse culture in tutto il mondo hanno nomi propri e storie ricche associate a queste costellazioni e a molte altre. In alto a destra della Cintura di Orione si trova una linea angolata di stelle (la Spada di Orione) all'interno della quale si trova una macchia rosata (che sembra una stella sfocata se osservata a occhio nudo) che è la Nebulosa di Orione, una nursery stellare situata a 1500 anni luce dalla Terra, dove si formano le stelle. A sinistra del Toro si trova una macchia compatta e sfocata: è l'ammasso stellare delle Pleiadi. La variazione di colore delle stelle è il risultato della loro temperatura; ad esempio, la stella rosso-arancio in basso a sinistra della Cintura di Orione è la stella gigante rossa Betelgeuse. Le stelle più fredde appaiono più rosse, rispetto a quelle bianche e bluastre a temperatura più elevata. I colori dell'immagine sono esaltati dalla maggiore sensibilità della fotocamera digitale rispetto all'occhio umano.
Crediti: Robert Barsa/IAU OAE

Didascalia: The constellation Pisces along with its bright stars and surrounding constellations. Pisces is surrounded by (going clockwise from the top) Andromeda, Pegasus, Aquarius, Cetus, Aries and Triangulum. Pisces lies on the ecliptic (shown here as a blue line), this is the path the Sun appears to take across the sky over the course of a year. The Sun is in Pisces from mid March to mid April. Thus the Sun is in Pisces at the March equinox. At this point the ecliptic crosses the celestial equator. The Sun’s location at the spring equinox is used to set the zero point of the Right Ascension positional coordinate. The other planets of the Solar System can often be found in Pisces. Pisces spans the celestial equator and is thus visible at some time in the year from all of planet Earth. In the most arctic or antarctic regions of the world, some parts of the constellation may not be visible. Pisces is most visible in the evenings in the northern hemisphere autumn and southern hemisphere spring The grand design spiral galaxy M74 is marked on this diagram with a small red circle. The y-axis of this diagram is in degrees of declination and with north as up and the x-axis is in hours of right ascension with east to the left. The sizes of the stars marked here relate to the star's apparent magnitude, a measure of its apparent brightness. The larger dots represent brighter stars. The Greek letters mark the brightest stars in the constellation. These are ranked by brightness with the brightest star being labeled alpha, the second brightest beta, etc., although this ordering is not always followed exactly. The dotted boundary lines mark the IAU's boundaries of the constellations and the solid green lines mark one of the common forms used to represent the figures of the constellations. Neither the constellation boundaries, nor the lines joining the stars appear on the sky.
Crediti: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by IAU/Sky & Telescope

Didascalia: The constellation Aries along with its bright stars and surrounding constellations. Aries is surrounded by (going clockwise from the top) Triangulum, Pisces, Cetus, Taurus and Perseus. Aries lies on the ecliptic (shown here as a blue line), this is the path the Sun appears to take across the sky over the course of a year. The Sun is in Aries from mid April to mid May. The other planets of the Solar System can often be found in Aries. Aries lies just north of the celestial equator and is thus visible at some time in the year from all of planet Earth except for the most antarctic regions of the world. Aries is most visible in the evenings in the northern hemisphere winter and southern hemisphere summer. The y-axis of this diagram is in degrees of declination and with north as up and the x-axis is in hours of right ascension with east to the left. The sizes of the stars marked here relate to the star's apparent magnitude, a measure of its apparent brightness. The larger dots represent brighter stars. The Greek letters mark the brightest stars in the constellation. These are ranked by brightness with the brightest star being labeled alpha, the second brightest beta, etc., although this ordering is not always followed exactly. The dotted boundary lines mark the IAU's boundaries of the constellations and the solid green lines mark one of the common forms used to represent the figures of the constellations. Neither the constellation boundaries, nor the lines joining the stars appear on the sky.
Crediti: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by IAU/Sky & Telescope

Didascalia: The constellation Taurus along with its bright stars and surrounding constellations. Taurus is surrounded by (going clockwise from the top) Perseus, Aries, Cetus, Eridanus, Orion, Gemini and Auriga. Taurus’s brightest star Aldebaran appears in the middle of the constellation. Taurus lies on the ecliptic (shown here as a blue line), this is the path the Sun appears to take across the sky over the course of a year. The Sun is in Taurus from mid May to late June. The other planets of the Solar System can often be found in Taurus. Taurus lies mostly north of the celestial equator with a small part in the celestial southern hemisphere. The whole constellation is visible at some point in the year to whole planet except for the Antarctic and a small region around the North Pole. Taurus is most visible in the evenings in the northern hemisphere winter and southern hemisphere summer. In the eastern part of Taurus we can find the supernova remnant M1 (commonly known as the Crab Nebula), marked here with a green square. In Taurus’s north-east find one of the sky’s most famous open stars clusters M45 (the Pleiades), marked here with a yellow circle. Many of the stars near Aldebaran (but not) Aldebaran are members of another star cluster, the Hyades. However this cluster is close to the solar system so is too dispersed on the sky to have a Messier object designation like the Pleiades has. The y-axis of this diagram is in degrees of declination and with north as up and the x-axis is in hours of right ascension with east to the left. The sizes of the stars marked here relate to the star's apparent magnitude, a measure of its apparent brightness. The larger dots represent brighter stars. The Greek letters mark the brightest stars in the constellation. These are ranked by brightness with the brightest star being labeled alpha, the second brightest beta, etc., although this ordering is not always followed exactly. The dotted boundary lines mark the IAU's boundaries of the constellations and the solid green lines mark one of the common forms used to represent the figures of the constellations. Neither the constellation boundaries, nor the lines joining the stars appear on the sky.
Crediti: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by IAU/Sky & Telescope