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Glossary term: 月相

Redirected from 新月

Description: 月相是指月球在围绕地球运行的轨道上的位置。月球位置的不断变化导致从地球上看到的月球被照亮部分的形状在一个朔望月中不断变化。除了月食期间,月球总有一半被太阳照亮。随着月球在围绕地球的轨道上移动,地球上的我们会先后看到月球的不同部分被照亮。0度的相位既是上一个朔望月的终点,又是下一个朔望月的起点,称为新月,月球在这里达到整个轨道上与太阳距离最近的位置。在这个相位处,月球被照亮的是远离地球的那一面,因此看起来是黑暗的。之后,月球被照亮的部分逐渐增大(称为盈月期),变为蛾眉月。上弦月(月亮的一半被照亮,俗称半月)出现在距离起点90度的相位。之后,月球被照亮的部分继续增大,变为渐盈凸月(呈凸形或鼓形)。满月出现在距离起点180度处。此后,月球被照亮的部分开始逐渐减小(称为亏月期),先变为渐亏凸月,再在距起点270度处变为下弦月(月亮的一半被照亮,俗称半月),又变为残月,最后在360度处变为新月并到达终点。尽管在90度和270度相位处,月球靠近地球的那一面都是一半被照亮,但被照亮的部分却是相反的。

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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher
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接近满月的月亮,具有陨石坑、明亮的高原和黑暗的平原

满月

Caption: 这张图像展示了用小型望远镜和单反相机观察到的接近满月的月亮。
Credit: 卢克 维亚图尔 credit link

License: CC-BY-SA-3.0 Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported icons