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Glossary term: 天空

Description: 当我们站在户外，向地平线之上看去，视线又不受地球上任何建筑物阻挡时，就能看到天空。地平线是我们所能看到的地球和地球上建筑物的边界。在夜晚晴朗的天空中，我们可以看到遥远的行星、恒星，甚至一些星系（北半球的仙女座星系和南半球的麦哲伦云）。星点的闪烁证明我们仍在透过地球大气层的气体观察天体。白天，被空气分子散射的阳光使天空呈现出蓝色，遮挡了我们观察宇宙深处的视线。遮住天空的云或雾也会让我们无法观测到任何天体。

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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher
The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval

The OAE Multilingual Glossary is a project of the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE) in collaboration with the IAU Office of Astronomy Outreach (OAO). The terms and definitions were chosen, written and reviewed by a collective effort from the OAE, the OAE Centers and Nodes, the OAE National Astronomy Education Coordinators (NAECs) and other volunteers. You can find a full list of credits here. All glossary terms and their definitions are released under a Creative Commons CC BY-4.0 license and should be credited to "IAU OAE".

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The arc of the Milky Way over some trees. Two small galaxies can be seen in the lower middle of the image.

Milky Way Over Quiver Tree

Caption: This breathtaking photograph was captured on 17 June 2023, near Keetmanshoop, Namibia, with a smartphone. Dominating the night sky, the majestic arc of the Milky Way creates a celestial bridge across the heavens. The image captures a range of notable astronomical objects: the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, seen towards the bottom of the image and appearing as fuzzy clouds; Antares, seen towards the top left of the image; and the coalsack nebula (referred to by various names by Indigenous cultures around the world), seen vertically above the Large Magellanic Cloud. Silhouetted against this astral backdrop, the trees — which are actually succulent aloe plants native to southern Africa — add a touch of Earth's unique beauty. Historically, these plants were known as ‘quiver trees’ because groups of local Indigenous people would use their hollowed branches to hold darts. The serene Namibian landscape, combined with the brilliance of the southern hemisphere's stars, offers a glimpse into the majesty of our Universe.
Credit: Jianfeng Dai/IAU OAE (CC BY 4.0)

License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons 署名 4.0 国际 (CC BY 4.0) icons


四台碟形望远镜指向夜空，银河的弧线横亘头顶。

横亘 H.E.S.S 天文台上空的银河

Caption: 2023 年 6 月，在纳米比亚，H.E.S.S 天文台的天空一片漆黑，组成银河系的恒星似乎数不胜数，让人难以在这张用智能手机拍摄的照片上分辨星座。在照片左下方的塔附近，可见半人马座阿尔法星和贝塔星。在照片左侧的 H.E.S.S 望远镜右上方，可见一颗橙色恒星——心宿二，位于天蝎座心脏的一颗红巨星。
Credit: Jianfeng Dai/IAU OAE (CC BY 4.0)

License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons 署名 4.0 国际 (CC BY 4.0) icons


北斗七星逐渐向左侧地平线下方移动，而右侧则有一颗彗星在天空中升起。

北斗七星和新智彗星 C2020 F3

Caption: 这段延时摄影记录了2020年7月拍摄的三帧画面中标志性的北斗七星的轨迹。影像在意大利的三个地点拍摄：拉瓦雷多三峰（Tre Cime di Lavaredo）奥隆佐迪卡多雷、里特山（Monte Rite）奇比亚纳迪卡多雷，以及拉佐牧场（Casera Razzo）维戈迪卡多雷。这场视觉奥德赛展示了北斗七星的迷人轨迹，并在夜空中绘制出天体画卷。它不仅描绘了这个著名星群的轨迹，还捕捉到2020年7月照亮天空的罕见新智彗星 C/2020 F3 这一非凡的天文事件，为我们的夜空增添了光彩。
Credit: 乔尔贾·霍弗/国际天文学联合会教育办公室 (CC BY 4.0)

License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons 署名 4.0 国际 (CC BY 4.0) icons


银河从左下角到右上角呈对角线条状。随着视频的推进，它变得水平。

拉西亚的南天

Caption: 这段视频展示了银河在茫茫星空中的璀璨光芒。在群星的大剧场中，南十字星座占据了一席之地，其独特的十字形状在本视频的顶部可见，就在银河系上方，稍微向右。随着视频的推进，南十字座慢慢消失在视野。这个天文记号是南半球的一个突出特征，具有文化和导航意义，几个世纪以来一直是航行路标。与银河的壮观相伴的是两朵麦哲伦云，它们是在遥远天空中翩翩起舞的伙伴。船底座星云为宇宙全景增添了空灵缥缈的光辉，在黑暗中描绘出一种璀璨的色调。在这场天体芭蕾中，温和的绿色笼罩着大气层，这种现象被称为 "气辉"，为夜空增添了一抹微妙的荧光。地面上也有飞机从头顶飞过和车辆在天文台建筑之间行驶的景象。这幅延时摄影是从智利的拉西亚天文台拍摄的，它是一扇通往迷人星舞的窗口，让我们得以一窥银河系令人惊叹的美景和南天的地标。
Credit: José Rodrigues/IAU OAE (CC BY 4.0)

License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons 署名 4.0 国际 (CC BY 4.0) icons

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