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Glossary term: B 型星

Description: 光谱类型为 "B "的恒星。天文学家通过光谱中出现的中性氦线和氢线来识别 B 型星。它们的典型(有效)温度大约在 10,000 开尔文(K)到 30,000 K之间。与其他恒星相比,它们在人眼中通常呈现蓝白色,除非星际红化或者大气红化不能忽视。B 型星的例子包括狮子座的轩辕十四、猎户座的参宿四和室女座的角宿一。

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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher
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Related Diagrams

一颗 B 型恒星的光谱

Caption: B 型恒星 HD 258982 的光谱。波长在 400 纳米到 700 纳米之间的光谱线的颜色大致与人眼看到的该波长光线的颜色一致。波长低于 400 纳米和高于 700 纳米时,人眼几乎看不到光,光谱线的颜色分别为蓝色和红色。 黑线表示恒星大气中不同元素的原子和离子造成的光谱吸收线。这些原子和离子会吸收特定波长的光,从而在光谱中形成尖锐的暗线。这些线条的强度取决于恒星大气层的温度。如果两颗恒星的大气层温度不同,那么由相同元素混合而成的两颗恒星的光谱中可能会出现大相径庭的光谱线。对于 B 型恒星来说,最重要的谱线是由氦原子产生的。这些谱线在 B 型恒星中最强,在较热和较冷的类型中较弱。氢原子产生的谱线也存在,但不如在较冷的 A 型恒星中那么强。
Credit: IAU OAE/SDSS/Niall Deacon

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