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Glossary term: 黑体辐射

Also known as Blackbody Emission

Description: 黑体辐射是来自理想化物体(黑体)的电磁辐射,该物体吸收落在其上的所有辐射,并以维持热平衡状态的速率重新发射辐射。根据已知的定律,黑体辐射的光谱完全由物体的温度决定。大多数恒星在几千开尔文的温度下会发出类似黑体的光。与同步辐射和其他形式的 "非热 "辐射形成对比。

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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher
The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval

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Related Diagrams


三条曲线,Y 轴为辐射,X 轴为波长。较冷的曲线峰值较红和较低

黑体辐射

Caption: 不同温度黑体的辐射曲线。x 轴表示波长,y 轴表示黑体表面每平方米在每个波长下每秒发射的能量。 温度越高的物体,波长越短,发出的最大能量光也越蓝。尽管图中最冷的天体发出的红光达到峰值,但其他较热的天体发出的红光都比最冷的天体多。
Credit: IAU OAE/Niall Deacon

License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons 署名 4.0 国际 (CC BY 4.0) icons


三条曲线,Y 轴为辐射,X 轴为波长。较冷的曲线峰值较红和较低

黑体辐射--紫外线灾难

Caption: 不同温度黑体的辐射曲线。x 轴表示波长,y 轴表示黑体表面每平方米在每个波长下每秒发射的能量。 温度越高的物体,波长越短,发出的最大能量光也越蓝。尽管图中最冷的天体发出的红光达到峰值,但其他较热的天体发出的红光都比最冷的天体多。 虚线显示的是现代量子力学之前的经典理论所预测的辐射量。对于任何温度高于零的黑体,这一预测在较短波长处都趋于无穷大,被称为 "紫外线灾难"。
Credit: IAU OAE/Niall Deacon

License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons 署名 4.0 国际 (CC BY 4.0) icons