Glossary term: 分子
Description: 分子是由兩個或兩個以上的原子通過化學鍵結合在一起的原子團，其淨電荷為零。在化學中，分子僅限於通過共價鍵結合在一起的原子，但在天文學中，離子化合物有時也被稱為“分子”。
分子存在於各種環境中，從太陽型或較冷恆星以及褐矮星的大氣層，到行星和衛星的大氣層、海洋和冰區，再到彗星和小行星上的冰物質，還有星際介質的較冷組分。新恆星的形成需要星際分子雲，其主要成分是氫分子（H2）。在自身引力的作用下，分子雲的一部分會收縮，從而形成新恆星。
太空中的分子可以被探測到，因為在適當的情況下，當它們旋轉或振動時，它們會在狹窄的波長區域內吸收和發射電磁輻射，通常是射電或紅外線。這些“分子線”形成的模式可以用來識別分子。
Related Terms:
See this term in other languages
Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval
This is an automated transliteration of the simplified Chinese translation of this term
The OAE Multilingual Glossary is a project of the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE) in collaboration with the IAU Office of Astronomy Outreach (OAO). The terms and definitions were chosen, written and reviewed by a collective effort from the OAE, the OAE Centers and Nodes, the OAE National Astronomy Education Coordinators (NAECs) and other volunteers. You can find a full list of credits here. All glossary terms and their definitions are released under a Creative Commons CC BY-4.0 license and should be credited to "IAU OAE".
If you notice a factual or translation error in this glossary term or definition then please get in touch.
