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Glossary term: 日

Description: 在英語和許多其他語言中,“日”(day)有多重含義。“日”的“白天”這一重含義是指太陽為我們提供自然光的時間,與之相對的是太陽落山、一片漆黑的“夜晚”。根據這一定義,北半球的白天在冬季較短、在夏季較長,而南半球則相反。在遙遠的北方或遙遠的南方,每年總有一段時間,太陽根本不落山——在兩極地區,太陽有六個月不落山!

“日”也是我們在日曆中使用的時間單位的名稱,長度為24小時。在天文學的角度上,從一個地方正午到下一個地方正午的時間,也就是太陽連續兩次到達地平線以上最高位置的時間間隔,叫做視太陽日。地方日的長度在一年中因時而異,這是因為:(1)地球的軌道是橢圓形的,且地球離太陽越近,移動速度越快;(2)太陽在天空中的視軌跡與地球赤道的夾角不同。在實際應用中,計時使用的是視太陽日的平均長度,即平太陽日。根據平太陽日所劃分的每天24小時的時間稱為平太陽時。

恆星日以天球上的“固定”背景恆星為基礎。恆星日是指一顆“固定”恆星連續兩次到達天空最高點的時間間隔。一個恆星日大約持續23小時56分4秒,它與視太陽日(24小時)之間的差異是由太陽相對於“固定”背景恆星的視運動造成的。

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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher
The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval

This is an automated transliteration of the simplified Chinese translation of this term

The OAE Multilingual Glossary is a project of the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE) in collaboration with the IAU Office of Astronomy Outreach (OAO). The terms and definitions were chosen, written and reviewed by a collective effort from the OAE, the OAE Centers and Nodes, the OAE National Astronomy Education Coordinators (NAECs) and other volunteers. You can find a full list of credits here. All glossary terms and their definitions are released under a Creative Commons CC BY-4.0 license and should be credited to "IAU OAE".

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Why Do We Have Day and Night?

Why Do We Have Day and Night?

astroEDU educational activity (links to astroEDU website)
Description: Explore day and night of Earth.

License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons 姓名標示 4.0 國際 (CC BY 4.0) icons

Tags: Tilt
Age Ranges: 6-8 , 8-10 , 10-12
Education Level: Primary , Secondary
Areas of Learning: Modelling , Structured-inquiry learning , Social Research
Costs: Low Cost
Duration: 1 hour 30 mins
Group Size: Group
Skills: Asking questions , Communicating information