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Glossary term: G 型星

Description: 光譜類型為"G"的恆星。天文學家通過識別電離鈣的強吸收線來確定G型恆星;更廣泛地說,G型恆星中的金屬吸收線比更熱的恆星(如F型恆星)更強,而比更冷的恆星(如K型恆星)更弱。G型恆星的典型(有效)溫度在5200開爾文(K)到6000 K之間。與其他恆星相比,它們對人類肉眼呈現出黃色,除非存在顯著的星際或大氣層紅化現象。處於主序階段的G型恆星,即通過核聚變在核心區域將氫轉化為氦的恆星,被稱為黃矮星。太陽就是一個典型的G型黃矮星例子。

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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher
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This is an automated transliteration of the simplified Chinese translation of this term

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Related Diagrams

一顆 G 型恒星的光譜

Caption: G 型恒星 UCAC4 700-069569 的光譜。波長在 400 納米到 700 納米之間的光譜綫的顔色大緻與人眼看到的該波長光綫的顔色一緻。在 400 納米以下和 700 納米以上,人眼幾乎看不到光,光譜綫分彆被染成藍色和紅色。 黑綫錶示恒星大氣中不同元素的原子和離子造成的光譜吸收綫。這些原子和離子會吸收特定波長的光,從而在光譜中形成尖銳的暗綫。這些綫條的強度取決於恒星大氣層的溫度。如果兩顆恒星的大氣層溫度不同,那麼由相同元素混閤而成的兩顆恒星的光譜中可能會齣現截然不同的光譜綫。在 G 型恒星中,氫原子的光譜綫比 F 型恒星弱,而電離鈣的光譜綫則比 F 型恒星強。鐵、鈉和鈣等金屬原子的譜綫也開始變得突齣。
Credit: IAU OAE/SDSS/Niall Deacon

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