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Glossary term: لکه خورشیدی

Also known as كلف‌ خورشیدی

Description: لکه خورشیدی یک منطقه موقت و خنک‌تر است که توسط میدان مغناطیسی قوی در فوتوسفر خورشید ایجاد می‌شود. لکه‌های خورشیدی مناطقی هستند که لوله‌های شار مغناطیسی از اعماق خورشید بیرون می‌آیند. میدان مغناطیسی بالا باعث افزایش فشار مغناطیسی در این مناطق می شود. فشار گاز و پلاسما در لکه خورشیدی برای ماندن در همان فشار محیط اطرافشان باید کاهش یابد و آن را خنک تر از محیط اطراف خود کند. از آنجا که دمای آنها کمتر از فوتوسفر اطرافشان است، لکه‌های خورشیدی از طریق تلسکوپ به صورت لکه‌های تیره روی سطح خورشید دیده می‌شوند. اندازه لکه‌های خورشیدی از ده‌ها کیلومتر تا بیش از صد هزار کیلومتر متغیر است. آنها می‌توانند برای بازه‌های زمانی از چند روز تا چند ماه دوام داشته باشند. تعداد و مکان لکه‌های خورشیدی بر روی خورشید در طول چرخه خورشیدی تغییر می‌کند. تصور می‌شود که ستارگان دیگر نیز دارای لکه‌هایی هستند که توسط میدان‌های مغناطیسی آنها ایجاد می‌شود.

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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher
The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval

The OAE Multilingual Glossary is a project of the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE) in collaboration with the IAU Office of Astronomy Outreach (OAO). The terms and definitions were chosen, written and reviewed by a collective effort from the OAE, the OAE Centers and Nodes, the OAE National Astronomy Education Coordinators (NAECs) and other volunteers. You can find a full list of credits here. All glossary terms and their definitions are released under a Creative Commons CC BY-4.0 license and should be credited to "IAU OAE".

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Image showing groups of sunspots as dark patches which lie in bands above and below the Sun's equator

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Caption: In this image the sun peppered with groups of sunspots over almost nine days between July and August 2012. The sunspots seen in this image have been sources of the solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CME). In this image particulary, the sun is approaching solar maximum in its cycle (solar cycle), where we see many spots forming along the suns' equator. These sunspots and activity are seen in the southern hemisphere, before then most of the activity was on the northern hemisphere.
Credit: NASA/SDO/HMI credit link

License: PD Public Domain icons

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