Glossary term: 赫罗图
Description: 赫罗图是展现恒星两种观测属性的图表:一个坐标轴是恒星发出的总功率(光度型),另一个坐标轴是恒星的有效温度(光谱型)。在以有效温度为坐标轴时,刻度采用对数标度,从右向左递增。赫罗图以两位科学家的名字命名:埃纳·赫茨普龙(Ejnar Hertzsprung)和亨利·诺利斯·罗素(Henry Norris Russell),他们最早制作了不同版本的这类图表,以了解恒星的特性。与所谓的“主序星”相对应的数据点位于赫罗图中从左上到右下的对角线带上。巨星对应的数据点位于主序带的右上方,而白矮星则位于该带的左下方。
赫罗图也是表示恒星随时间演化的一个有用框架。恒星一旦形成,就会被定位在赫罗图的主序带上,其温度和光度会在一段时间内保持基本恒定。之后,随着恒星的演化,恒星的温度会下降,光度会增加。这意味着恒星在赫罗图上的位置会向右上方移动,从主序带向巨星支移动。恒星的演化,特别是温度和光度的变化,可以用赫罗图上的曲线来表示。因此,利用赫罗图可以根据恒星的温度和光度来确定恒星的演化状态。
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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval
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赫罗图
Credit: IAU OAE/Niall Deacon
License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons 署名 4.0 国际 (CC BY 4.0) icons