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Glossary term: X 射线望远镜

Description: X 射线望远镜是一种专门设计用于观测人眼看不见的高能、高频 X 射线的望远镜。由于地球大气会完全吸收入射的 X 射线, X 射线望远镜通常是太空望远镜。X 射线的频率高,波长相应较短,因此需要与光学望远镜明显不同的光学系统:X 射线以很小的角度落到望远镜的反射镜上("掠入射"),在反射镜的外部反弹("外部反射")。以这种方式聚焦 X 射线的反射镜组件通常是同心圆壳体。对于高能量的 "硬 "X 射线,望远镜光学系统通常根本不试图聚焦光线,而是依靠具有编码孔的遮挡板来提取 X 射线方向的信息,并根据这些信息重建图像。

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