词条 X 射线天文学
描述: X 射线天文学是一个收集和分析来自宇宙的高能电磁辐射（能量高于紫外线辐射，但低于伽马射线辐射）信息的研究领域。X 射线的频率介于 30 拍赫兹和 30 艾赫兹之间，相当于 10 皮米和 10 纳米之间的波长。在许多天文学领域（包括X射线天文学）仍然使用的旧单位制中，这对应于0.1到100埃（Å）。鉴于在该频谱部分光的粒子性更显著，X射线天文学家通常使用光子能量而非波长来表征光子的特征。用电子伏特（eV），即粒子物理学中常用的能量单位，上述频率和波长范围对应的光子能量在100 eV到100 keV之间。由于大气层吸收了大部分X射线，因此X射线天文学通常通过空间望远镜进行。来自天文源的X射线来自于极其高温的区域。这些区域包括黑洞或中子星等紧凑天体周围的盘和恒星的高温日冕。
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词条和定义状态： 该术语的英文原始定义已通过天文研究人员和教师的审核 该术语及其定义的译文仍待审核
The OAE Multilingual Glossary is a project of the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE) in collaboration with the IAU Office of Astronomy Outreach (OAO). The terms and definitions were chosen, written and reviewed by a collective effort from the OAE, the OAE Centers and Nodes, the OAE National Astronomy Education Coordinators (NAECs) and other volunteers. You can find a full list of credits here. All glossary terms and their definitions are released under a Creative Commons CC BY-4.0 license and should be credited to "IAU OAE".
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其他语言版本
- 阿拉伯语: علم الفلك بالأشعة السينية
- 德语: Röntgenastronomie
- 英语: X-ray Astronomy
- 法语: Astronomie des rayons X
- 北印度语: एक्स-रे खगोल विज्ञान
- 意大利语: Astronomia a raggi X
- 日语: X線天文学 (外部链接)
- 繁体中文: X 射線天文學
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Remnant of SN 1006
图注： This image shows the remnant of the supernova SN 1006. This was probably the result of a white dwarf that accreted so much material from a binary companion star that the white dwarf exploded (this is called a Type 1a supernova by astronomers). This explosion happened several thousand years ago, however it took time for the light from this event to reach Earth, only arriving in the year 1006. This bright explosion was noticed by observers across the Earth and its appearance was noted in the records of many different societies.
Here we see the effect that supernova has had on its surroundings in the galaxy. The force of the explosion has blown a huge bubble in the surrounding interstellar gas with a hot shockwave at its edge. The image appears to be a simple color picture but it actually represents light far beyond what our eye can see. The blue is X-ray data from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, the yellow and orange are data from optical telescopes and the red is detections in radio waves from the Very Large Array and the Green Bank Telescope. The bright blue of the outer shell shows the gas there is very hot and that the explosion produced energetic shock waves.
来源： X-ray: NASA/CXC/Rutgers/G.Cassam-Chenai, Hughes et al.; Radio: NRAO/AUI/NSF/GBT/VLA/Dyer, Maddalena & Cornwell; Optical: Middlebury College/F.Winkler, NOAO/AURA/NSF/CTIO Schmidt & DSS
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License: PD 公共领域 图标
