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Glossary term: 星等

Description: 在天文學中,星等是衡量一個天體亮度的單位。天文學中使用的星等系統起源於古代,是對恆星從最亮到最暗的排序。這也是為什麼星等值越小(或越負)意味著天體越亮,而數字越大意味著天體越暗。因此,-1 等的恆星比 0 等的恆星更亮,而 0 等的恆星又比 1 等的恆星更亮。

星等採用對數刻度,5 等的差異相當於我們能接收到的能量相差 100 倍,即10 等的恆星比 5 等的恆星暗 100 倍。

星等有不同的類型,視星等表徵天體的視亮度,它取決於天體的光度(天體髮出光的強度)以及天體與地球的距離。

相比之下,絕對星等是指如果將天體放置在距離地球為 10 秒差距(32.6 光年)處,我們測量的視星等。(對於小行星等反射輻射的天體,則有不同的定義)。

實際上,星等是針對通過特定濾光片觀測到的天體的亮度而規定的,與天體在特定波長範圍內的亮度相對應。有許多 "測光系統 "用於指定濾光片和相應的星等。 相比之下,熱星等是對天體亮度的直接測量:單位時間內發射的總電磁能量。而目視星等與人眼感知到的亮度相對應。

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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher
The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval

This is an automated transliteration of the simplified Chinese translation of this term

The OAE Multilingual Glossary is a project of the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE) in collaboration with the IAU Office of Astronomy Outreach (OAO). The terms and definitions were chosen, written and reviewed by a collective effort from the OAE, the OAE Centers and Nodes, the OAE National Astronomy Education Coordinators (NAECs) and other volunteers. You can find a full list of credits here. All glossary terms and their definitions are released under a Creative Commons CC BY-4.0 license and should be credited to "IAU OAE".

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