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Glossary term: 度

Description: 在數學中,度(符號為°)是角度的單位。一度是整個圓周的1/360。它既可以用十進制小數來表示,也可以被細分為角分(符號為′)和角秒(符號為″)。一度被分為60角分,一角分被分為60角秒。一角秒是一度的1/3600,是一個極小的角度。

度數可用於表示天體的視尺寸(見角直徑)及其在天球上的位置(另見:赤緯、赤經、高度角和方位角,對應於地球上:緯度和經度)。它們也用於測量天球上的天體之間的角距離。向前伸直肐膊時拳頭的寬度約為10°,從地平到天頂的距離是90°。根據尺度的不同,望遠鏡的分辨率和視場可以用度、角分或角秒來表示。

度數的另一含義是溫度的單位,使用時需標明華氏溫標或攝氏溫標。攝氏溫標定義海平面上水的冰點為0°C,水的沸點為100°C。 攝氏溫標下,一度對應的溫度變化與一開爾文是相同的,但它們的零點不同。開爾文溫標的零點是絕對零度,即最低溫度-273.15°C。在較早的華氏溫標中,一度對應的溫度變化與5/9攝氏度(或開爾文)相同。

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