Glossary term: Buraco negro
Description: Um buraco negro é uma região do espaço em que a força gravitacional é tão grande que nada, nem mesmo a luz, pode escapar dele.
Muitas galáxias, incluindo a Via Láctea, têm um grande buraco negro (conhecido como buraco negro supermassivo) em seu centro.
Uma das maneiras pelas quais os astrônomos acreditam que os buracos negros menores se formam é quando uma estrela maciça entra em colapso no final de sua vida. Entretanto, os astrônomos ainda não conhecem as origens dos buracos negros supermassivos.
O limite externo de um buraco negro é conhecido como horizonte de eventos.
Perto dos buracos negros, a física é tão extrema que o tempo passa muito mais devagar (em comparação com um observador distante do buraco negro) e, ao redor de buracos negros menores, os objetos são esticados e despedaçados. A matéria que cai em direção a um buraco negro forma um disco de acreção. Isso muitas vezes pode ser acompanhado por jatos de matéria enviados por esse disco. Os discos de acreção de buracos negros são a fonte de energia dos quasares e de outros núcleos galácticos ativos (AGN), bem como de muitas outras fontes de raios X.
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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval
The OAE Multilingual Glossary is a project of the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE) in collaboration with the IAU Office of Astronomy Outreach (OAO). The terms and definitions were chosen, written and reviewed by a collective effort from the OAE, the OAE Centers and Nodes, the OAE National Astronomy Education Coordinators (NAECs) and other volunteers. You can find a full list of credits here. All glossary terms and their definitions are released under a Creative Commons CC BY-4.0 license and should be credited to "IAU OAE".
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