Glossary term: 超新星
Description: 超新星是一种大规模的恒星爆发。超新星会短暂地成为星系中迄今为止最明亮的天体，然后在几年的时间里逐渐消失。产生超新星的途径主要有两种。第一种（Ia 型）是双星系统中白矮星从伴星吸收物质。一旦白矮星的质量超过 1.4 个太阳质量（钱德拉塞卡极限）或表面积累了足够多的氦，白矮星就会失去稳定性而爆炸，不留下任何残余物。形成超新星（II 型）的另一个主要途径是质量大于 8 个太阳质量的恒星的演化。在这种恒星演化的末期，它会发生爆炸，形成一颗中子星或（对于质量最大的恒星）恒星级黑洞。
超新星是许多化学元素的来源，尤其是那些比镁重的元素。
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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval
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Related Media
大质量恒星的死亡
Credit: ESO/NASA, ESA and Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)/F.Vogt et al. credit link
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