词条 恒星残骸
描述: 恒星残骸是白矮星、中子星和恒星质量黑洞的统称。它们代表了恒星在完成主序阶段的氢燃烧并经历巨星阶段后，演化至最终阶段的状态。与恒星相比，恒星残骸非常紧密。白矮星（恒星残骸中体积最大的类型）通常将约一个太阳质量的物质压缩到地球大小的空间中。恒星残骸的核心不再通过核聚变产生热量。在密近双星系统中，恒星残骸可能成为新星、Ia型超新星的来源，或者（如果两个恒星残骸相互旋近并碰撞）会产生引力波爆发。
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词条和定义状态： 该术语的英文原始定义已通过天文研究人员和教师的审核 该术语及其定义的译文仍待审核
The OAE Multilingual Glossary is a project of the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE) in collaboration with the IAU Office of Astronomy Outreach (OAO). The terms and definitions were chosen, written and reviewed by a collective effort from the OAE, the OAE Centers and Nodes, the OAE National Astronomy Education Coordinators (NAECs) and other volunteers. You can find a full list of credits here. All glossary terms and their definitions are released under a Creative Commons CC BY-4.0 license and should be credited to "IAU OAE".
If you notice a factual or translation error in this glossary term or definition then please get in touch.
其他语言版本
- 阿拉伯语: بقايا نجمية - بقايا النجوم
- 德语: Kompakte Objekte
- 英语: Stellar Remnants
- 法语: Vestiges stellaires
- 意大利语: Residui stellari
- 繁体中文: 恆星殘骸
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大质量恒星的死亡
图注： 用地球上和太空中的望远镜拍摄到的邻近小麦哲伦云星系中一颗中子星的多波段图像。中子星（在这里被看作是被红色环包围的蓝色斑点）是大质量恒星引力坍缩、压缩和爆炸的最终产物，被嵌入其超新星残余物（绿色）中。
来源： ESO/NASA, ESA and Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)/F.Vogt et al.
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Remnant of SN 1006
图注： This image shows the remnant of the supernova SN 1006. This was probably the result of a white dwarf that accreted so much material from a binary companion star that the white dwarf exploded (this is called a Type 1a supernova by astronomers). This explosion happened several thousand years ago, however it took time for the light from this event to reach Earth, only arriving in the year 1006. This bright explosion was noticed by observers across the Earth and its appearance was noted in the records of many different societies.
Here we see the effect that supernova has had on its surroundings in the galaxy. The force of the explosion has blown a huge bubble in the surrounding interstellar gas with a hot shockwave at its edge. The image appears to be a simple color picture but it actually represents light far beyond what our eye can see. The blue is X-ray data from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, the yellow and orange are data from optical telescopes and the red is detections in radio waves from the Very Large Array and the Green Bank Telescope. The bright blue of the outer shell shows the gas there is very hot and that the explosion produced energetic shock waves.
来源： X-ray: NASA/CXC/Rutgers/G.Cassam-Chenai, Hughes et al.; Radio: NRAO/AUI/NSF/GBT/VLA/Dyer, Maddalena & Cornwell; Optical: Middlebury College/F.Winkler, NOAO/AURA/NSF/CTIO Schmidt & DSS
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License: PD 公共领域 图标
蟹状星云脉冲星
图注： 在距地球约6500光年、位于金牛座的蟹状星云中心，存在着蟹状星云脉冲星。它是一颗大质量恒星生命终结时爆发后留下的残骸。虽然恒星爆炸发生于数千年前，但这次爆发产生的光芒直到公元1054年才抵达地球。这次天体事件曾被全球多地民众观测到，许多文明都在其历史文献中留下了相关记录。
蟹状星云脉冲星每秒约旋转30周，并发射包括可见光在内的多波段光线。其质量约为太阳的1.5倍，但在它形成时的爆发产生了庞大力量，将如此巨大的质量压缩在半径仅约十公里的极小的空间内。
这张图像由美国夏威夷双子北座天文台的多张观测图像合成而成，脉冲星清晰可见于画面中央。构建图像的观测数据采集时间跨度达五年，其中2009年的数据以蓝色标示，2014年的数据以红色标示。在此期间，抛射物质持续远离脉冲星，形成了图中的彩色涟漪效果。需要说明的是，颜色并非真实色调，波纹显示的是冲击波远离脉冲星并撞击到周围气体时的位置。
来源： 国际双子座天文台/NOIRLab/NSF/AUR、Jen Miller、Travis Rector、Mahdi Zamani 和 Davide de Martin
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