Caption: 金牛座及其明亮恒星与周边星座示意图。从顶部开始沿顺时针方向，金牛座周边的星座依次为：英仙座、白羊座、鲸鱼座、波江座、猎户座、双子座和御夫座。金牛座最亮的恒星是毕宿五，位于整个星座的中央。金牛座位于黄道上。从地球看来，太阳以一年为周期在天球上移动，所经过的路径称为黄道，在图中以蓝色实线标注。太阳在每年五月中旬到六月下旬位于金牛座。太阳系中的其他行星也经常出现在金牛座。 金牛座大部分位于天赤道以北，小部分位于天赤道以南。在地球上，除了南极地区和北极点周围的一小部分地区以外，一年中的某些时候都能看到整个金牛座。金牛座在北半球的冬季和南半球的夏季夜晚最适宜观测。 在金牛座的东部，可以看到超新星遗迹M1，通常称为蟹状星云，在图中以绿色方块标注。在金牛座的东北部，可以看到全天最著名的疏散星团之一M45，即昴星团，在图中以黄色圆圈标注。毕宿五附近（但不包括毕宿五本身）的许多恒星都是另一个星团——毕星团的成员。不过毕星团离太阳系比较近，因此在天球上显得过于分散，不像昴星团那样拥有梅西叶天体编号。 该图的纵轴为赤纬，横轴为赤经，方向为上北下南左东右西。图中标注的恒星大小对应其视星等——衡量天体视亮度的标准，较大的圆点代表着较亮的恒星。图中的希腊字母标注着星座中最亮的恒星。这些恒星按亮度排序，最亮的一般被标记为α星，第二亮的一般为β星，等等，不过这种字母排序并不总是和实际亮度排序完全一致。图中虚线标注的是国际天文学联合会划定的星座边界，绿色实线则是一种常见的星座形象连线。需要注意的是，在实际观测时，这些边界与连线都不会出现在天空中。
Credit: 国际天文学联合会天文教育办公室（IAU OAE）根据国际天文学联合会和《天空与望远镜》的原文改编

Caption: The constellation Cygnus with its bright stars and surrounding constellations. Cygnus is surrounded by (going clockwise from the top): Cepheus, Draco, Lyra, Vulpecula, Pegasus and Lacerta. Cygnus is notable for its brightest star Deneb. This forms one vertex of the prominent Summer Triangle asterism that is visible in northern hemisphere summer evenings. Cygnus is a northern constellation and thus the whole of the constellation is visible at some point in the year in the whole northern hemisphere. The whole constellation is also visible from equatorial regions of the southern hemisphere with parts of the constellation visible from temperate southern regions. The plane of the Milky Way runs through Cygnus and thus the constellation is rich in nebulae and star clusters. These include the North America Nebula (NGC 7000) and the Crescent Nebula (NGC 6888). The Veil Nebula is a huge supernova remnant, parts of which are marked here as NGC 6960 and NGC 6992/5. All of the previously-mentioned nebulae are marked with green squares. The planetary nebula NGC 6826 is marked here with a green circle superimposed on a plus sign. The open star clusters M29 and M39 are marked here with yellow circles. The y-axis of this diagram is in degrees of declination with north as up and the x-axis is in hours of right ascension with east to the left. The sizes of the stars marked here relate to the star's apparent magnitude, a measure of its apparent brightness. The larger dots represent brighter stars. The Greek letters mark the brightest stars in the constellation. These are ranked by brightness with the brightest star being labeled alpha, the second brightest beta, etc., although this ordering is not always followed exactly. The dotted boundary lines mark the IAU's boundaries of the constellations and the solid green lines mark one of the common forms used to represent the figures of the constellations. Neither the constellation boundaries, nor the lines joining the stars appear on the sky.
Credit: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by the IAU and Sky & Telescope