Glossary term: 亞巨星

Description: 亞巨星是指在赫羅圖上位於主序和巨星支之間的恆星。這類恆星大多已經結束了內核的氫聚變，正在向巨星演化。其中一些亞巨星會發生脈動，從而成為變星。造父變星就是脈動亞巨星的一個例子。

Related Terms:

Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher
The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval

This is an automated transliteration of the simplified Chinese translation of this term

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Related Diagrams

赫羅圖

Caption: 這張圖展示了不同恆星溫度和亮度。每個點的大小代表恆星的半徑，顏色代表人眼所看到的顏色。恆星的顏色從淡藍色到淡橙紅色不等，沒有恆星具有像紅、綠或藍這樣的純顏色，因為恆星的光譜包含了許多不同顏色的光。然而，最紅的恆星通常被稱為紅恆星，最藍的恆星被稱為藍恆星。為了展示不同類型的恆星，製作這個圖表的恆星樣本選擇上並沒有反映出每種類型恆星的實際數量比例。從左上到右下是一條長長的恆星帶，這些恆星在其核心燃燒氫氣，這被稱為主序。在這條線上，我們可以看到參宿三（Mintaka）、波江座α星（Achernar）、天狼星A（Sirius A）、太陽和比鄰星（Proxima Centauri）等恆星。在主序線右下方的比鄰星週圍的天體被稱為紅矮星。在紅矮星的右下方是Teide 1和Kelu-1 A。這兩個天體是褐矮星，它們的質量太低，核心沒有足夠的熱量來持續地進行氫融合。由於它們不燃燒氫，褐矮星不被認為是主序星。"褐矮星"這個名字與它們的顏色無關。在主序星的上方，我們發現次巨星、巨星和超巨星。這些是已經完成了核心的氫燃燒並演化成更大天體的恆星。恆星的亮度取決於其溫度和大小，因此巨星比具有較小半徑但相同溫度的恆星更亮。隨著時間的推移，這些天體將走向生命的盡頭，經歷行星狀星雲階段或變成超新星。以行星狀星雲階段結束生命的恆星會形成一種叫做白矮星的恆星殘骸。這種天體比相同溫度的恆星小得多，因此更暗淡，並且位於主序星帶的顯著下方。以超新星結束生命的恆星會成為黑洞或中子星。這些在這個圖表上沒有顯示。
Credit: IAU OAE/Niall Deacon

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