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Hubble Ultra Deep Field
Caption: This awe-inspiring image referred to as the Hubble Ultra-Deep Field (HUDF), was obtained using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), by combining 800 exposures from 400 orbits of the HST, which equates to 11.3 days of total exposure time.
The image shows nearly 10,000 galaxies and was taken in the direction of a patch of sky with the least amount of stars from the Milky Way galaxy in the field of view. The region of sky that the HST observed corresponds to 1/10 the angular size of the Full Moon, which is roughly equal to approximately a 1 millimeter-sized object placed 1 meter away.
Every object in the image, except for the bright points with the crosshairs, are galaxies. As a consequence of the speed of light being a constant in a vacuum, the more distant an object, the further back in time we are observing. Therefore, the light from some of the galaxies in the HUDF image is from when the Universe as only a few hundred million years old. The HUDF image takes us through on a journey through space, and also in time.
Credit: NASA, ESA, and S. Beckwith (STScI) and the HUDF Team credit link
Credit: NASA, ESA, and S. Beckwith (STScI) and the HUDF Team credit link
License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons نَسب المُصنَّف 4.0 دولي (CC BY 4.0) icons
Related Diagrams
Leo Constellation Map
Caption: The zodiac constellation Leo and its surrounding constellations. Starting from the top of the diagram and going clockwise, these are Leo Minor, Cancer, Sextans, Hydra, Crater, Virgo and Ursa Major. The brightest star in Leo, Regulus, lies almost exactly on the ecliptic (shown here as a blue line): the path the Sun appears to take across the sky over the course of a year. The Sun spends the period from mid August to mid September in Leo. The other planets in the Solar System can often be found in Leo.
Leo spans the celestial equator and is thus part of it is visible at some time in the year from all of planet Earth with some of the constellation obscured for the most arctic and antarctic regions of the world. Leo is most visible in the evenings in the northern hemisphere spring and southern hemisphere autumn.
Several objects can be seen in Leo, including M65 and M66 – two galaxies in the Leo Triplet, a trio of galaxies including NGC 3628, not listed here. In addition, M96, a spiral galaxy, can be seen as a fuzzy object using a small telescope, and Messier 105, an elliptical galaxy. Each of these objects are labelled on the map as red ellipses.
The y-axis of this diagram is in degrees of declination and with north as up and the x-axis is in hours of right ascension with east to the left. The sizes of the stars marked here relate to the star's apparent magnitude, a measure of its apparent brightness. The larger dots represent brighter stars. The Greek letters mark the brightest stars in the constellation. These are ranked by brightness with the brightest star being labelled alpha, the second brightest beta, etc., although this ordering is not always followed exactly. The dotted boundary lines mark the IAU's boundaries of the constellations and the solid green lines mark one of the common forms used to represent the figures of the constellations. Neither the constellation boundaries nor the lines joining the stars appear on the sky.
Credit: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by IAU/Sky & Telescope
Credit: Adapted by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education from the original by IAU/Sky & Telescope
License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons نَسب المُصنَّف 4.0 دولي (CC BY 4.0) icons
Related Activities
Glitter Your Milky Way
astroEDU educational activity (links to astroEDU website) Description: Explore the Milky Way and characteristics of galaxies using glitter drawing.License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons نَسب المُصنَّف 4.0 دولي (CC BY 4.0) icons
Tags: Art , Creativity , Hands-on , Handcraft Age Ranges: 6-8 , 8-10 Education Level: Middle School , Primary Areas of Learning: Fine Art focussed Costs: Medium Cost Group Size: Group Skills: Communicating informationComa Cluster of Galaxies
astroEDU educational activity (links to astroEDU website) Description: The basics of galaxy classification, using Hubble Space Telescope images.License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons نَسب المُصنَّف 4.0 دولي (CC BY 4.0) icons
Tags: Coma Cluster Age Ranges: 14-16 , 16-19 , 19+ Education Level: Secondary , University Areas of Learning: Guided-discovery learning Costs: Low Cost Duration: 1 hour Group Size: Group Skills: Analysing and interpreting data , Communicating information , Constructing explanations , Planning and carrying out investigationsLiving in the Milky Way
astroEDU educational activity (links to astroEDU website) Description: Build a model of the Milky Way to discover what our galaxy contains.License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons نَسب المُصنَّف 4.0 دولي (CC BY 4.0) icons
Tags: Hands-on , Model Age Ranges: 6-8 , 8-10 Education Level: Primary Areas of Learning: Problem-solving , Social Research Costs: Medium Cost Duration: 1 hour 30 mins Group Size: Group Skills: Asking questions , Communicating information , Developing and using models