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Glossarbegriffe: Kosmische Hintergrundstrahlung

Also known as Kosmische Mikrowellenhintergrundstrahlung, Hintergrundstrahlung oder Kosmischer Mikrowellenhintergrund

Description: Die kosmische Mikrowellenhintergrundstrahlung ist ein Überbleibsel der elektromagnetischen Strahlung aus der Zeit, als das Universum etwa 380 000 Jahre alt war und durchlässig für Licht wurde. Dieser kosmische Mikrowellenhintergrund liefert Informationen über die Zusammensetzung, Geometrie (Form), Entwicklung und Strukturentwicklung des Universums. Das frühe, dichte Universum bestand aus einer "heißen Suppe" aus freien Teilchen (Protonen, Neutronen, Elektronen) und Licht (Photonen). Bevor die kosmische Hintergrundstrahlung freigesetzt wurde, verhinderte die Wechselwirkung von Photonen mit freien Elektronen, dass sich Licht über weite Strecken ausbreiten konnte. Als sich das Universum ausdehnte und abkühlte, konnten sich freie Elektronen mit Protonen zu atomarem Wasserstoff verbinden. Dadurch konnte sich Licht im Universum ausbreiten. Durch die Ausdehnung des Universums hat sich die Wellenlänge dieser Photonen verlängert, sodass sie heute im Mikrowellenbereich des elektromagnetischen Spektrums nachweisbar sind.

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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher
The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval

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This Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation map is an oval with many patches of different colors as well as finer granulation

Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation

Bildunterschriften: This image is a representation of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) Radiation created using data from the Planck satellite. The CMB is the glow left over from when the Universe was approximately 380,000 years old. The early Universe was hot and dense, so the photons from that era were high energy. Due to the expansion of the Universe over 13.8 billion years photons of ""light"" from the early Universe have been stretched to longer wavelengths and are detectable in millimetre wavelengths (microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum). The ""mottled"" pattern in the image is referred to as anisotropies, and it represents very small temperature fluctuations. These fluctuations correspond to regions of slightly different densities, and are essentially the seeds for larger structure in the Universe e.g.: galaxies, galaxy clusters, and the very first stars. The data from the CMB allows various characteristics of the Universe to be derived, for example, composition, shape, age, and allows for certain predictions to be made about the future evolution of the Universe. The shape of the image is the result of a mapping projection, where the entire sky is mapped onto a single flat oval shape called Molleweide projection. The center of the Milky Way galaxy is located at the centre of the image.
Bildnachweis: ESA/Planck Collaboration credit link

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