Glossary term: 天文巡天
Description: 天文巡天是指通过对整个天空或某一区域进行观测从而获得其中的天文数据。巡天观测通常包含在特定时间点编录的天文物体的位置、亮度、颜色和其他属性。大型天文巡天既能为天文研究提供数据，也有助于为大型望远镜提供观测目标。
天文巡天的设计取决于其科学目标，例如以整个天空、大部分天区或仅以较小的区域为目标。覆盖小范围的巡天或所谓的 "铅笔光束 "巡天可以集中更多的时间观测天空的某一部分，因此可以比一些范围更广的巡天探测到更暗的天体。
天文巡天可以覆盖电磁波谱的任意部分，如无线电波或红外线，也可以将不同波长范围的数据结合起来。
有些天文巡天对天空的同一区域进行重复观测，以便对天体在天空中的移动、天体亮度的变化或超新星等瞬变天体的出现进行科学研究。 通过测量每年的位置变化，天文学家还可以利用视差计算天体的距离。另一种天文巡天是光谱巡天，测量数千（或数百万）颗恒星、星系和其他天体的光谱。
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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval
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