Glossary term: Atmosfera
Description: A atmosfera é uma camada de gás que envolve um corpo celeste. Ela é mantida por causa da atração gravitacional do corpo celeste e, portanto, é mais densa na superfície e se funde com o espaço interplanetário em grandes altitudes.
Para planetas com superfícies sólidas ou líquidas, o limite inferior da atmosfera é definido. As estrelas têm interiores gasosos e, portanto, não têm um limite inferior claro para suas atmosferas. Uma atmosfera estelar normalmente se refere à camada gasosa externa de uma estrela através da qual a luz do interior viaja para o espaço.
O campo magnético de um planeta pode proteger sua atmosfera de se dissipar rapidamente no espaço devido ao vento solar ou estelar. No caso da Terra, ele também protege todos os organismos contra danos genéticos devido aos efeitos nocivos do vento solar e dos raios cósmicos.
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See this term in other languages
Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval
The OAE Multilingual Glossary is a project of the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE) in collaboration with the IAU Office of Astronomy Outreach (OAO). The terms and definitions were chosen, written and reviewed by a collective effort from the OAE, the OAE Centers and Nodes, the OAE National Astronomy Education Coordinators (NAECs) and other volunteers. You can find a full list of credits here. All glossary terms and their definitions are released under a Creative Commons CC BY-4.0 license and should be credited to "IAU OAE".
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In Other Languages
- Árabe: الغلاف الجوي
- Alemão: Atmosphäre
- Inglês: Atmosphere
- Espanhol: Atmósfera
- Francês: Atmosphère
- Italiano: Atmosfera
- Coreano: 대기
- Chinês Simplificado: 大气层
- Chinês Tradicional: 大氣層
Related Media
Lua e a tênue atmosfera da Terra
Caption: Tirada a partir da Estação Espacial Internacional (ISS), a aproximadamente 400 quilômetros acima da superfície, a imagem mostra a Lua ao fundo e a fina atmosfera da Terra. Ela aparece em azul porque a luz nesse comprimento de onda é mais espalhada do que em outros pelos gases nas camadas superiores. A foto foi feita em março de 2015 por um membro da tripulação. É claramente visível a camada extremamente tênue de gases em comparação com as dimensões da Terra. Não existe uma fronteira definida entre a atmosfera e o espaço; trata-se de uma transição suave, sem bordas definidas. A espessura até o limite superior da estratosfera, cerca de 50 quilômetros, não chega nem a um por cento do raio da Terra. Acima de 600 quilômetros, as partículas que atingem a velocidade crítica de escape podem ir em direção ao espaço. A massa total da atmosfera é cerca de 300 vezes menor que a de todos os oceanos somados ou um milhão de vezes menor que a massa total da Terra.
Credit: Unidade de Ciências da Terra e Sensoriamento Remoto, Centro Espacial Johnson da NASA
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License: PD Public Domain icons
Atmosphere of Venus
Caption: This image of Venus was captured in ultraviolet light by the Pioneer Venus Orbiter and highlights features of the planet’s thick atmosphere that are not visible in ordinary light. Venus has a dense, cloudy atmosphere composed mainly of carbon dioxide. In ultraviolet wavelengths, patterns in the upper cloud layers become visible, revealing swirling structures and bright and dark bands caused by differences in the composition and motion of the atmosphere. These ultraviolet features help scientists map wind patterns, atmospheric circulation, and cloud dynamics high above Venus’s surface.
Unlike Earth’s atmosphere, which is relatively transparent in visible light, Venus’s atmosphere is so thick that no direct view of the surface is possible from space without special instruments. The extreme pressure and temperature near Venus’s surface are consequences of this dense gaseous envelope, making Venus a dramatic example of how different planetary atmospheres can be. This image demonstrates how observing a planet’s atmosphere in different wavelengths, such as ultraviolet, reveals details about its structure and behaviour.
Credit: NASA
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License: PD Public Domain icons
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