Glossary term: Mancha solar
Description: Uma mancha solar é uma região temporária e mais fria, causada por um forte campo magnético na fotosfera do Sol. As manchas solares são áreas onde tubos de fluxo magnético emergem das profundezas do Sol. O alto campo magnético aumenta a pressão magnética nessas regiões. Para manter a mesma pressão que o entorno, a pressão do gás e do plasma na mancha solar deve cair, tornando-a mais fria que o entorno. Como são mais frias do que a fotosfera circundante, as manchas solares podem ser vistas por um telescópio como manchas escuras na superfície do Sol. O tamanho das manchas solares varia de dezenas de quilômetros a mais de cem mil quilômetros. Elas podem persistir por períodos de tempo que variam de alguns dias a alguns meses. O número e a localização das manchas solares no Sol variam ao longo do ciclo solar. Acredita-se que outras estrelas também tenham manchas causadas por seus campos magnéticos.
Related Terms:
See this term in other languages
Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval
The OAE Multilingual Glossary is a project of the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE) in collaboration with the IAU Office of Astronomy Outreach (OAO). The terms and definitions were chosen, written and reviewed by a collective effort from the OAE, the OAE Centers and Nodes, the OAE National Astronomy Education Coordinators (NAECs) and other volunteers. You can find a full list of credits here. All glossary terms and their definitions are released under a Creative Commons CC BY-4.0 license and should be credited to "IAU OAE".
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In Other Languages
- Árabe: بقعة شمسية
- Alemão: Sonnenfleck
- Inglês: Sunspot
- Espanhol: Mancha solar
- Persa: لکه خورشیدی
- Francês: Tache solaire
- Italiano: Macchia solare
- Japonês: 黒点 (external link)
- Coreano: 태양흑점
- Chinês Simplificado: 太阳黑子
- Chinês Tradicional: 太陽黑子
Related Media
Manchas solares
Caption: Nesta imagem, o Sol aparece pontilhado por grupos de manchas solares ao longo de quase nove dias entre julho e agosto de 2012. As manchas solares vistas nesta imagem foram fontes de erupções solares e ejeções de massa coronal (CME). Nesta imagem em particular, o Sol está se aproximando do máximo de atividade de seu ciclo (ciclo solar), período em que observamos muitas manchas se formando ao longo do equador solar. Essas manchas solares e essa atividade são observadas no hemisfério sul do Sol; antes disso, a maior parte da atividade estava concentrada no hemisfério norte.
Credit: NASA/SDO/HMI
credit link
License: PD Public Domain icons
Close-up view of a sunspot
Caption: This image of a sunspot was taken by the Daniel K Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST), operated by the U.S. National Science Foundation. It was taken only in light with a wavelength of 530 nanometers, within the greenish-yellow part of the visible spectrum.
The picture reveals the detail of the spot's structure and the Sun’s photosphere. The dark central region, known as the umbra, is surrounded by a lighter area called the penumbra with radially elongated features stretching towards the umbra. Note that the umbra and penumbra here are not the same as the umbra and penumbra that occur during an eclipse.
The sunspot measures approximately 5000 kilometres in diameter, roughly equivalent to the east-west span of China. While the umbra appears black, it is actually hot and bright. It only appears dark because it is a few thousand kelvin cooler than the surrounding solar photosphere. Surrounding the sunspot, granulation patterns of plasma are visible on the photospheric surface of the Sun.
Credit: NSO/NSF/AURA
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License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) icons
Related Activities
Measure the Sun's Rotation Period
astroEDU educational activity (links to astroEDU website) Description: Find out the Sun’s rotation period, applying the simple equation of average speed to a real astronomical case.
License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) icons
Tags:
Hands-on
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Age Ranges:
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Costs:
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Is the Sun rotating? Follow the sunspots!
astroEDU educational activity (links to astroEDU website) Description: Like a "modern" Galileo, use true astronomical satellite observations to discover if the Sun (and other celestial objects) are rotating!
License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) icons
Tags:
Hands-on
, History
, Experiment
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Age Ranges:
12-14
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Education Level:
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Areas of Learning:
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