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Glossary term: X 射線望遠鏡

Description: X 射線望遠鏡是一種專門設計用於觀測人眼看不見的高能、高頻 X 射線的望遠鏡。由於地球大氣會完全吸收入射的 X 射線, X 射線望遠鏡通常是太空望遠鏡。X 射線的頻率高,波長相應較短,因此需要與光學望遠鏡明顯不同的光學系統:X 射線以很小的角度落到望遠鏡的反射鏡上("掠入射"),在反射鏡的外部反彈("外部反射")。以這種方式聚焦 X 射線的反射鏡組件通常是同心圓殼體。對於高能量的 "硬 "X 射線,望遠鏡光學系統通常根本不試圖聚焦光線,而是依靠具有編碼孔的遮擋板來提取 X 射線方向的信息,並根據這些信息重建圖像。

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