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Glossary term: Piringan Akresi

Description: Ketika sebuah objek astrofisika mengakresi materi, maka materi tidak bisa langsung jatuh ke atasnya, jika tidak bergerak lurus ke arah objek yang menariknya. Saat benda yang ditarik bergerak mendekati objek penarik, komponen kecepatannya yang tegak lurus terhadap garis antara benda jatuh (yang ditarik) dan benda penarik akan bertambah akibat kekekalan momentum sudut.

Dalam kebanyakan kasus, materi yang jatuh akan terkumpul dalam piringan akresi: piringan gas dan debu yang berputar mengelilingi objek penarik. Dari tepi dalam piringan, materi jatuh ke objek pusat. Untuk objek kompak di pusat, materi yang jatuh ke piringan akresi akan memeroleh energi yang sangat besar saat jatuh. Saat energi ini disimpan dalam piringan, maka temperatur dalam piringan akan memanas hingga ratusan ribu bahkan jutaan kelvin. Piringan akresi di sekeliling lubang hitam supermasif di pusat sebagian galaksi menjadi sumber tenaga untuk inti galaksi aktif (AGN). Objek yang luar biasa terang ini bisa lebih terang dari gabungan semua bintang yang ada di dalam galaksi induknya.

Piringan akresi ditemukan dalam berbagai kondisi astrofisika seperti di sekitar lubang hitam supermasif, sisa-sisa bintang, semburan sinar gamma, atau protobintang.

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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher
The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval

The OAE Multilingual Glossary is a project of the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE) in collaboration with the IAU Office of Astronomy Outreach (OAO). The terms and definitions were chosen, written and reviewed by a collective effort from the OAE, the OAE Centers and Nodes, the OAE National Astronomy Education Coordinators (NAECs) and other volunteers. You can find a full list of credits here. All glossary terms and their definitions are released under a Creative Commons CC BY-4.0 license and should be credited to "IAU OAE".

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Credit: NASA, ESA, A. Lessing (Stanford University), E. Baltz (Stanford University), M. Shara (AMNH), J. DePasquale (STScI) credit link

License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons Atribusi 4.0 Internasional (CC BY 4.0) icons

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