Glossary term: 吸積盤
Description: 當一個天體吸積物質時，除非下墜的物質已經徑直向吸引的天體運動，否則它不可能直接落到吸引的天體上。事實上，當下墜的物體靠近吸的引物體時，由於角動量守恆，其垂直於它與吸引物體之間連線的速度分量會增加。
在許多情況下，下墜的物會聚集成所謂的吸積盤：一個圍繞吸引天體氣體和塵埃的漩渦盤。物質會從吸積盤的內緣落到中心天體上。對於一個緻密的中心天體來說，落到吸積盤上的物質在下落過程中會獲得巨大的能量。當這些能量聚集在吸積盤中時，吸積盤的溫度會升高到數十萬甚至數百萬開爾文。一些星系中心超大質量黑洞周圍的吸積盤為活動星系核（AGN）提供了能量。這些極其明亮的天體可能比其宿主星系中所有恆星亮度的總和還要亮。
吸積盤存在於各種天體物理環境中，例如超大質量黑洞、恆星殘骸、伽馬射線暴或原恆星週圍。
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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval
This is an automated transliteration of the simplified Chinese translation of this term
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In Other Languages
- 阿拉伯語: قرص التراكم
- 孟加拉語: বিবৃদ্ধি চাকতি
- 德語: Akkretionsscheibe
- 英語: Accretion Disk
- 西班牙語: Disco de acreción
- 法語: Disque d'accrétion
- 印尼語: Piringan Akresi
- 義大利語: disco di accrescimento
- 日語: 降着円盤 (external link)
- 簡體中文: 吸积盘
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Jet Ejected from the Active Galaxy M87
Caption: A 3000-light-year-long jet streaming from the core of galaxy M87, as captured by the Hubble Space Telescope. The center of this image shows the core of the elliptical galaxy M87 (in the constellation Virgo) which hosts an active galactic nucleus (AGN).
An AGN is a very luminous region around a supermassive black hole. It is powered by matter falling towards the black hole and forming a hot accretion disk. Many galaxies host a supermassive black hole, but not all of them are accreting enough matter to appear as an AGN.
The strong gravity of the supermassive black hole in the heart of M87 has caused a huge jet of charges particles to be flung out from the accretion disk. This extends far out into the galaxy itself, beyond the core region. Here we see the jet as a whitish-blue line which gets wider the further it goes from the core. The light emission we see here is caused by the energetic electrons in the jet interacting with magnetic fields.
Credit: NASA, ESA, A. Lessing (Stanford University), E. Baltz (Stanford University), M. Shara (AMNH), J. DePasquale (STScI)
credit link
License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons 姓名標示 4.0 國際 (CC BY 4.0) icons
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License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons 姓名標示 4.0 國際 (CC BY 4.0) icons
Tags:
Model
, Experiment
Age Ranges:
12-14
Education Level:
Informal
, Middle School
Areas of Learning:
Modelling
, Observation based
, Problem-solving
, Social Research
Costs:
Low Cost
Duration:
45 mins
Group Size:
Group
Skills:
Constructing explanations
, Developing and using models
