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Glossary term: 流星體

Description: 流星體是指小行星或彗星的碎片,大小范圍從幾毫米到數十米不等。無論該天體是否有大氣層,流星體都可以以極高的速度向任何天體墜落。如果天體有大氣層,流星體會因與大氣分子碰撞而減速。我們在地球大氣層中觀測的流星體就是流星。如果流星體未在大氣中完全燒毀(或者如果天體沒有大氣層),它會落到該天體的表面,此時稱之為隕石。

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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher
The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval

This is an automated transliteration of the simplified Chinese translation of this term

The OAE Multilingual Glossary is a project of the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE) in collaboration with the IAU Office of Astronomy Outreach (OAO). The terms and definitions were chosen, written and reviewed by a collective effort from the OAE, the OAE Centers and Nodes, the OAE National Astronomy Education Coordinators (NAECs) and other volunteers. You can find a full list of credits here. All glossary terms and their definitions are released under a Creative Commons CC BY-4.0 license and should be credited to "IAU OAE".

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流星形成的明亮條紋從星空中的一點向四周輻射

雙子座流星雨(攝於中國),作者:Dai Jianfeng,中國

Caption: 2021 年國際天文學聯合會 OAE 天文攝影比賽流星雨類第一名。 地球在圍繞太陽的軌道上運行,當它穿過彗星接近太陽留下的碎片軌跡時,就會發生流星雨。當地球穿過這些碎片(小沙粒大小)時,它們高速地沿著平行軌跡進入大氣層,完全燃燒,在天空中留下美麗的軌跡(條紋)。這些條紋可以一眨眼間出現和消失,也可以持續更長時間。在極少數情況下,碎片來源於小行星,如雙子座流星雨,照片展示的就是 2017 年在中國的天空捕捉到的許多碎片條紋。由於相對運動和視角,流星雨似乎來自一個點,即所謂的輻射點,就像照片展示的那樣。這就好比在無風的雨天開車,從前窗望出去,雨水似乎是直接沖著車窗來的,而實際上雨水是垂直落下的。
Credit: Dai Jianfeng/IAU OAE

License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons 姓名標示 4.0 國際 (CC BY 4.0) icons

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Description: Unveiling the mystery of "shooting stars": meteors, meteorites and meteroids

License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons 姓名標示 4.0 國際 (CC BY 4.0) icons
Tags: Geology
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Education Level: Middle School , Primary
Areas of Learning: Interactive Lecture
Costs: Low Cost
Duration: 1 hour 30 mins
Group Size: Group
Skills: Analysing and interpreting data , Asking questions , Communicating information , Engaging in argument from evidence