Glossary term: 超新星
Description: 超新星是一種大規模的恆星爆發。超新星會短暫地成為星系中迄今為止最明亮的天體，然後在幾年的時間裡逐漸消失。產生超新星的途徑主要有兩種。第一種（Ia 型）是雙星系統中白矮星從伴星吸收物質。一旦白矮星的質量超過 1.4 個太陽質量（錢德拉塞卡極限）或表面積累了足夠多的氦，白矮星就會失去穩定性而爆炸，不留下任何殘餘物。形成超新星（II 型）的另一個主要途徑是質量大於 8 個太陽質量的恆星的演化。在這種恆星演化的末期，它會發生爆炸，形成一顆中子星或（對於質量最大的恆星）恆星級黑洞。
超新星是許多化學元素的來源，尤其是那些比鎂重的元素。
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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval
This is an automated transliteration of the simplified Chinese translation of this term
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In Other Languages
- 阿拉伯語: الانفجار الاعظم
- 德語: Supernova
- 英語: Supernova
- 波斯語: ابرنواختر
- 法語: Supernova
- 義大利語: Supernova
- 日語: 超新星 (external link)
- 簡體中文: 超新星
Related Media
大質量恆星的死亡
Caption: 用地球上和太空中的望遠鏡拍攝到的鄰近小麥哲倫雲星系中一顆中子星的多波段圖像。中子星（在這裡被看作是被紅色環包圍的藍色斑點）是大質量恆星引力坍縮、壓縮和爆炸的最終產物，被嵌入其超新星殘餘物（綠色）中。
Credit: ESO/NASA, ESA and Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)/F.Vogt et al.
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License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons 姓名標示 4.0 國際 (CC BY 4.0) icons
Remnant of SN 1006
Caption: This image shows the remnant of the supernova SN 1006. This was probably the result of a white dwarf that accreted so much material from a binary companion star that the white dwarf exploded (this is called a Type 1a supernova by astronomers). This explosion happened several thousand years ago, however it took time for the light from this event to reach Earth, only arriving in the year 1006. This bright explosion was noticed by observers across the Earth and its appearance was noted in the records of many different societies.
Here we see the effect that supernova has had on its surroundings in the galaxy. The force of the explosion has blown a huge bubble in the surrounding interstellar gas with a hot shockwave at its edge. The image appears to be a simple color picture but it actually represents light far beyond what our eye can see. The blue is X-ray data from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, the yellow and orange are data from optical telescopes and the red is detections in radio waves from the Very Large Array and the Green Bank Telescope. The bright blue of the outer shell shows the gas there is very hot and that the explosion produced energetic shock waves.
Credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/Rutgers/G.Cassam-Chenai, Hughes et al.; Radio: NRAO/AUI/NSF/GBT/VLA/Dyer, Maddalena & Cornwell; Optical: Middlebury College/F.Winkler, NOAO/AURA/NSF/CTIO Schmidt & DSS
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License: PD Public Domain icons
