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Glossary term: Antimateria

Description: A principios del siglo XX, los físicos teóricos se dieron cuenta de que para cada tipo de partícula debía existir un tipo correspondiente de antipartícula: una partícula con la misma masa, pero con propiedades completamente opuestas, en particular una carga eléctrica opuesta. Pocos años después se descubrió la antipartícula del electrón: El "positrón" tiene la misma masa que un electrón, pero carga eléctrica opuesta. Para algunas partículas neutras, como el fotón, la antipartícula es la misma que la partícula. Cuando la partícula y su correspondiente antipartícula se encuentran, pueden aniquilarse para formar fotones. Nuestro Universo parece estar hecho principalmente de materia, no de antimateria formada por antipartículas. Los detalles de este fenómeno son objeto de investigación.

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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher
The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval

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Cloud chamber image showing a dark, curved positron track going from bottom to top. The track crosses a horizontal lead plate

The discovery of positron

Caption: This historic photograph shows the track of a positron moving through a cloud chamber from bottom to top. When a charged particle moves through a cloud chamber it leaves behind a line of condensation, making its path visible. Cloud chambers are normally build with magnetic fields. This curves the path of the charged particle, with the curve of the path giving more information about the properties of the particle. Here we see the first positron (the antiparticle of an electron). A thick horizontal band in the middle is a lead plate in the cloud chamber that slowed the particle down, causing the positron's path to curve more sharply after crossing the plate. This image, taken in 1932, provided the first clear visual evidence of the positron. The discovery of the positron confirmed that antimatter exists and opened an important field of research in modern physics.
Credit: Carl D. Anderson credit link

License: PD Public Domain icons