Glossary term: Foguete
Description: Um foguete é um dispositivo comumente utilizado para lançar naves espaciais da superfície da Terra para o espaço sideral. Para esse fim, um foguete é composto por motores de foguete e tanques de combustível. Os motores de foguete também são utilizados para controlar o movimento das naves espaciais no espaço sideral, alterando a velocidade ou realizando correções de rota. O princípio básico de um motor de foguete é produzir um jato de partículas em alta velocidade, geralmente por meio da queima de combustível. Quando esse jato é direcionado para uma direção específica, o motor de foguete é acelerado na direção oposta — uma consequência de uma lei fundamental da física chamada conservação do momento. Observe que o jato de partículas não precisa empurrar nada para que esse efeito ocorra: os foguetes funcionam perfeitamente mesmo no quase vácuo do espaço sideral.
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Term and definition status: The original definition of this term in English have been approved by a research astronomer and a teacher The translation of this term and its definition is still awaiting approval
The OAE Multilingual Glossary is a project of the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE) in collaboration with the IAU Office of Astronomy Outreach (OAO). The terms and definitions were chosen, written and reviewed by a collective effort from the OAE, the OAE Centers and Nodes, the OAE National Astronomy Education Coordinators (NAECs) and other volunteers. You can find a full list of credits here. All glossary terms and their definitions are released under a Creative Commons CC BY-4.0 license and should be credited to "IAU OAE".
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Related Media
Lançamento do foguete Soyuz
Caption: O foguete Soyuz MS-09 foi lançado do Cosmódromo de Baikonur, no Cazaquistão, em 6 de junho de 2018, levando a tripulação da Expedição 56 para a Estação Espacial Internacional (ISS). A tripulação era composta pelo comandante da Soyuz, Sergey Prokopyev, da Roscosmos, pela engenheira de voo Serena Auñón-Chancellor, da NASA, e pelo engenheiro de voo Alexander Gerst, da ESA (Agência Espacial Europeia).
Credit: NASA/Joel Kowsky
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License: CC-BY-NC-ND-2.0 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic icons
The Speed of Spacecraft
Caption: This infographic is part of the "Simplifying Astronomy for Arabic Speakers" project, aiming to present scientific concepts in a simple and accessible way. The design focuses on the speed of spacecraft during the various stages of their launch, illustrating how velocity changes as the spacecraft progresses to reach the desired orbit.
Details of the Stages:
Stage One (Launch):
The spacecraft begins its journey by launching from the launch pad with an increasing speed. The velocity in this stage is influenced by Earth's gravity and atmospheric resistance.
After One Minute:
The spacecraft reaches a speed of approximately 1,600 kilometers per hour (km/h), reflecting a rapid acceleration powered by its engines.
After Two and a Half Minutes:
The rocket boosters are jettisoned, allowing the spacecraft to reach a speed of about 4,800 km/h. At this point, the spacecraft becomes lighter, enabling it to accelerate more efficiently.
Final Stage:
By the end of the ascent phase, the spacecraft achieves its final speed of approximately 28,000 km/h, allowing it to enter the desired orbit around Earth.
Through educational designs like this, the project provides enthusiasts with an opportunity to understand the intricate details of space missions in an engaging and simplified manner.
Credit: Ali Al-Edhari ; Background image credit - NASA
License: CC-BY-4.0 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) icons
